Black field soil from northern China was chosen，and cucumber‘Jinyan No.4’ was used as testing material. This pot culture experiment studies the effect of different silicon fertilization patterns such as nonseedling soil plus silicon，seedling soil applying silicon at root or spraying silicon at leaf surface， on soil chemical property and soil enzyme activity. The results showed that non-seedling soil plus silicon could significantly increase soil pH value，EC value， soil urease and inverted activity，decrease the content of available potassium significantly 20 days and 30 days after the treatment， and yet had no effect on the contents of available phosphorus，organic matter and available nitrogen. With seedling soil root-applied silicon could significantly increase soil available phosphorus content， pH value， EC value，soil urease and inverted activity，significantly decrease the contents of soil organic matter and available potassium 20 days and 30 days after the treatment. With seedling soil foliar-applied silicon could significantly increase soil pH value and available phosphorus contents and soil urease activity， reduce soil organic matter content 20 days after the treatment. In summary， different application of silicon in a certain extent can affect the soil chemical property and soil enzyme activity. Root-applied silicon can mostly influence soil chemical property and soil enzyme activity. Soil add silicon treatment can affect soil chemical property and soil enzyme activity. Silicon foliar application has minimal impact on soil chemical property and soil enzyme activity.