In the present study，we constructed an intraspecific genetic map by using a recombinant inbred lines crossed by pungent pepper‘ Perennial’（Capsicum annuum） and non-pungent pepper‘ 83-58’，and analyzed capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin contents investigated on a test cross progeny by non-pungent pepper ‘77013A ’and RILs（ ‘83-58’בPerennial’） both in greenhouse and open fields. And the differences in capsaicin content，dihydrocapsaicin content，total capsaicinoids and capsaicin/dihydrocapsaicin ratio between greenhouse and open fields were obvious. We did QTL mapping on them and found 16 QTLs located in chromosome 2，4 and 12. The major QTL cap2.1，dhp2.1，C/D2.1 and（ C+D）2.1 on chromosome 2 that controlling capsaicin content，dihydrocapsaicin content，total capsaicinoids content and capsaicin/dihydrocapsaicin ratio， was detected in both greenhouse and open fields. The LOD was above 5.0，accounting for 20.2%-76.6% of the phenotypic variation. The interval markers were BD76366 and Pun1. We also found minor QTLs in P12 that regulating total capsaicinoids content in 2 environments. Other minor QTLs were not detected at the same time in these 2 environments.