中国蔬菜

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我国设施番茄氮肥施用量现状及其利用率、产量影响和地力贡献率分析评价

梁 静1 王丽英2 陈 清3 张卫峰3*   

  1. 1 新疆广播电视大学远程教育学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830049;2 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河
    北石家庄 050051;3 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-18 出版日期:2015-09-28 发布日期:2015-08-14
  • 通讯作者: 张卫峰,男,副教授,主要从事植 物营养学方面的研究,E-mail:wfzhang@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:梁静,女,硕士,助教,主要从事蔬菜营养及远程教育方面的研究, E-mail:liangjing05@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    新疆广播电视大学校级课题(14xjddktzc25)

Analysis and Evaluation on Nitrogen Application Status,its Utilization  Efficiency,its Influence on Yield and Soil Fertility Contribution Rate to Greenhouse Tomato in China

LIANG Jing1,WANG Li-ying2,CHEN Qing3,ZHANG Wei-feng 3*   

  1. 1 Media Education College,Xinjiang Radio and Television University,Urumqi 830049,Xinjiang,China;2 Agricultural
    Resources and Environment Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,Hebei,
    China;3 College of Resources and Environment Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China
  • Received:2015-03-18 Online:2015-09-28 Published:2015-08-14

摘要:

:通过对国内与设施番茄施肥有关的57 篇文献中的79 个试验数据进行分析,评价了目前设施番茄的氮肥投入量、氮
肥效率和地力贡献率。结果表明,传统施肥模式下,设施番茄有机肥氮素投入量平均为617.0 kg·hm-2,化肥氮素投入量平
均为705 kg·hm-2,总氮投入达到1 313 kg·hm-2;优化施肥模式下的有机肥氮素投入量、化肥氮素投入量和总氮投入分别
为581.7、353 kg·hm-2 和936 kg·hm-2。优化施氮处理比传统施氮处理平均增产8%。传统施肥的氮肥偏生产力(PFP)、农
学效率(AE)、当季利用率(RE)平均值分别为155.7 kg·kg-1、28.0 kg·kg-1、9.5%。优化施肥模式下,氮肥偏生产力、农
学效率、当季利用率平均值分别为356.3 kg·kg-1、63.6 kg·kg-1、17.8%。传统施肥和优化施肥处理的菜田地力贡献率平均值
分别为72.9% 和70.4%,与传统施肥相比,优化施肥的化肥氮减量潜力很大。

关键词: 设施番茄, 氮肥效率, 地力贡献率, 评价

Abstract:

This paper evaluates present nitrogen input amount,nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility
contribution rate of greenhouse tomato,by analyzing 79 field experiments data from 57 domestic published papers.
The results showed that under conventional application model,the total nitrogen input was 1 313 kg·hm-2
including nitrogen 617 kg·hm-2 from manure and 705 kg·hm-2 from chemical fertilizer. Under optimized
application model the nitrogen from manure,chemical fertilizer and the total nitrogen input were 581.7 kg·hm-2
353 kg·hm-2 and 936 kg·hm-2,respectively. The tomato yield under optimized application model was 8% higher
than that of the conventional application model.Under conventional application model,the average values of partial
factor productivity( PFP),agronomic efficiency( AE) and recovery efficiency( RE) were 155.7 kg·kg-1,28.0
kg·kg-1 and 9.5%,respectively. Under the optimized application model,the average values of PFP,AE,RE
were 356.3 kg·kg-1,63.6 kg·kg-1 and 17.8%,respectively. The average soil fertility contribution of conventional
application and optimized application were 72.9% and 70.4%,respectively. So,compared with the conventional
application model,the optimized application model has great potential in reducing chemical nitrogen fertilizer.

Key words: Greenhouse tomato, Nitrogen use efficiency, Soil fertility contribution rate, Evaluation