中国蔬菜 ›› 2020, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (1): 76-80.

• 调查报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

麻江红蒜栽培现状调查及分析

付存念1,2,周世洋3,刘敏1,2,汪浩4,蒋芳玲1,2,李文旺1,2,李萍1,2,吴震1,2*   

  1. 1南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京 210095;2农业农村部华东地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,江苏南京 210095;3贵州省麻江县农业农村局,贵州麻江 557600;4南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-03 出版日期:2020-01-01 发布日期:2019-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 吴震,男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事蔬菜生理生态以及生物技术方面的研究,E-mail:zpzx@njau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:付存念,女,研究实习员,主要从事蔬菜栽培和生理方面的研究,E-mail:fcn1203@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(31372056,31872125),中央高校基本科研业务费扶贫专项(KJFP201702),江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

Investigation and Analysis of Current Plantation Status of‘Majianghongsuan’

FU Cun-nian1,2,ZHOU Shi-yang3,LIU Min1,2,WANG Hao4,JIANG Fang-ling1,2,LI Wen-wang1,2,LI Ping1,2,WU Zhen1,2*   

  1. 1College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China;2Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China;3Majiang Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Guiyang,Majiang 557600,Guizhou,China;4College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2019-08-03 Online:2020-01-01 Published:2019-10-31

摘要:

以贵州省麻江县红蒜主栽区贤昌镇为样本,采用访谈、实地调查等方法,对麻江红蒜的种植面积、栽培管理方式及产量等进行调研,分析麻江红蒜栽培面积减少和产量下降的原因。结果表明:2016 年贤昌镇红蒜种植面积达133.4 hm2,但单个农户的种植规模均较小,种植面积不足667 m2的农户占比为35%;整体产量偏低,平均为435 kg ·(667 m2-1,最低仅为285 kg ·(667 m2-1;栽培管理中存在选种不严、种植密度偏低、施肥单一和管理粗放等问题。针对这些问题,提出选优留种、分级播种、合理密植和均衡施肥等对策建议。

关键词: 麻江红蒜, 栽培现状, 产量, 管理方式

Abstract:

Taking the main planting area of‘Majianghongsuan’,Xianchang Town Majiang County of Guizhou Province as a sample,this paper studied the plantation area,cultivation management mode,and yield of‘Majianghongsuan’by methods of interview,investigation and measure,etc.The paper also analyzed the reasons for cultivation area decreasing and yield declining.The results indicated that the total cultivation areas of‘Majianghongsuan’in Xianchang Town of Majiang County was 133.4 hm2,but the average planting area per household was smaller.About 35% of the households planted garlic less than 667 m2.The overall garlic yield was low with an average of 6.525 t · hm-2,significantly lower than that of 12.600 t · hm-2 in 2005.Besides,there were many problems existed,like not strict seed selection,too low plantation density,too late sowing,simplified fertilization,and extensive management,so countermeasures and suggestions were put forward as:selecting good garlic bulbs as seeds,grading seeds before sowing,rational planting density,and balanced fertilization,etc.

Key words: ‘Majianghongsuan’, Planting current status, Yield, Management mode