Abstract:

In order to strengthen the control of light/temperature environment in greenhouse and promote the rational vegetables production in Urumqi solar greenhouse during spring，this paper tested the indoor soil temperature，air temperature of different height and positions，solar light dynamic change，wall temperature and heat flow dynamic change in Urumqi under typical weather condition during spring．The results showed that in Urumqi the light condition inside of solar greenhouse was better．In a sunny day from 12：00 to 16：00，the highest illumination could reach 55 554 lx and the highest temperature was up to 48 ℃．But the indoor light distribution was uneven．In a sunny day，illumination intensity at the front part was higher than that at the rear part by 8 000-12 000 lx．The illumination intensity at 150 cm height was averagely higher than that at 50 cm height by 10 000-16 000 lx，showing the trait of the more closer to greenhouse thin film，the higher illumination intensity．Judging from the greenhouse span，in sunny days the greenhouse temperature at the rear part was slightly higher than that at middle and front part．The greenhouse back wall has heat preserving and heat storaging ability．The heat storage capacity per unit wall area was 1.97 MJ · m^-2．The heat releasing quantity was 0.79 MJ · m-²，which was 40.10% of the heat storage capacity．The soil temperature changes had obvious hysteretic nature，and along with the soil depth increasing，the hysteretic time would also be increased．

Key words: Solar greenhouse, Urumqi, Early spring, Light and temperature environment

摘要：

为了加强对温室内部光温环境的控制，促进乌鲁木齐日光温室春季蔬菜合理生产，对春季乌鲁木齐典型天气下温室内部、土壤与温室前部、中部、后部不同高度的空气温度、光照日动态变化、墙体温度以及热流密度动态变化进行测试。结果显示乌鲁木齐早春日光温室内部光照条件较好，晴朗天气下12：00～16：00 光照强度最高可达55 554 lx，温度最高可达48 ℃。温室内部光照分布不均，晴天前部光照强度较后部高8 000～12 000 lx，温室距地面150 cm 高度的光照强度平均比50 cm 处高10 000～16 000 lx，呈现距离温室薄膜越近光照越强的特点。从温室跨度方向来看，晴天温室后部温度略高于中部和前部。温室后墙具有保温蓄热的能力，单位面积墙体蓄热量分别为1.97 MJ · m^-2，放热量为0.79 MJ · m^-2，放热量为蓄热量的40.10%；土壤温度变化有明显的滞后性，且随着土壤深度增加滞后时间也增加。

关键词: 日光温室, 乌鲁木齐, 早春, 光温环境