Abstract: Abstract：This study evaluates the impact of varying phosphorus fertilizer levels on the growth，yield，fruit quality of cucumbers，and soil enzyme activity following a wheat cover crop. A pot trial was conducted using cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）with fi ve phosphorus application levels：P100（conventional application），P75（75% of conventional application），P50（50% of conventional application），P25（25% of conventional application），and P0（no application）. Results demonstrated that compared with no cover crop treatments，the wheat cover crop positively infl uenced stem diameter，total fresh biomass，total dry biomass，yield，sugar-acid ratio，soluble protein，and VC content while reducing nitrate levels and enhancing soil enzyme activity. Notably，in the wheat cover crop treatments，the P50 treatment yielded the highest production of 1.78 kg per plant，with peak values in stem diameter，total fresh biomass，and total dry biomass observed at 20、35 days post-transplanting. Soluble protein content was the highest in P25 treatment，while P50 treatment exhibited a hi gher VC content and sugar-acid ratio along with a lower nitrate level. Additionally，at 20、35 days after transplanting，urease，acid phosphatase，and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly higher in P50 than P100. By 50 days after transplanting，sucrase activity in P25 and P50，and catalase activity in P0 and P50 were relatively high and signifi cantly exceeded those in P100. Thus，under wheat cover crop conditions，reducing phosphorus ferti lizer to 8.71 g per plant can effectively enhance cucumber growth，yield，fruit quality，and soil e nzyme activity，making it the optimal phosphorus application level for continuous cucumber cropping.

Key words: Keywords：cucumber, cover crop, phosphate fertilizer, growth, soil enzyme activity

摘要： 摘 要：以黄瓜为试材，采用盆栽的方式，设置5 个梯度的磷肥施用量，即P100（常规施用量）、P75（常规施用量的75%）、P50（常规施用量的50%）、P25（常规施用量的25%）及P0（不施磷肥），研究采用小麦填闲处理后不同施磷水平下黄瓜生长、产量、果实品质及土壤酶活性的变化情况。结果表明，与不填闲相比，填闲有助于提高黄瓜植株茎粗、全株鲜质量、全株干质量，增加产量，增加黄瓜果实糖酸比、可溶性蛋白及VC 含量，降低果实硝酸盐含量，提高土壤酶活性。在填闲处理中，与其他施磷水平相比，P50 处理黄瓜产量最高，为1.78 kg·株-1，显著高于其他处理，黄瓜茎粗、全株鲜质量、全株干质量在定植后的第20、35 天时均最高。P25 处理的黄瓜果实可溶性蛋白含量最高，P50 处理的VC 含量、糖酸比均较高，果实硝酸盐含量较低。在第20、35 天时，P50 处理的土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶活性均较高，均与P100 处理差异显著。第50 天时，P25、P50 处理的土壤蔗糖酶活性较高，P0、P50 处理的过氧化氢酶活性较高，均与P100 处理差异显著。综上，在小麦填闲条件下，将磷肥施用量减少至8.71 g·株-1 时（P50 处理）可有效促进连作黄瓜的生长，增加产量，提高品质，增加土壤酶活性，是设施连作黄瓜栽培较为理想的磷肥施用量。

关键词: 关键词：黄瓜, 小麦填闲, 磷肥, 生长, 土壤酶活性