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15 October 2010, Volume 1 Issue 20
    

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  • Application and Strategic Thought about Transgenic Technique in Cucumber Improvement
    WU Tao;QIN Zhi-wei;ZHOU Xiu-yan;XIN Ming
    . 2010, 1(20): 1-8.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Since the 20th century 90’s, genetic engineering technology has been used to cultivate new cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）variety. To certain extent this has broken the reproductive isolation between bioses and made cucumber breeding with clearer objectives. At the same time, it has also solved problems existing in traditional cucumber breeding, such as longer cycle, narrow germplasm resources and lack of germplasm resources with useful characteristics. This review summarized the progress made in transgenic cucumber, such as disease-tolerance, insect-tolerance, stress-tolerance, quality, herbicide tolerance, parthenocarpic fruits and yield, etc. It also discussed about the huge commercial potential in cucumber, pointed out the aims of transgenic cucumber in recent years. This review also focused on other issues like biology safety and commercialization of transgenic cucumber. It carries out discussion on transgenic cucumber food and bio-safety strategy.
  • Applications and Prospects of LED in Sprout Seedling Vegetable Cultivation
    MA Chao;ZHANG Huan;GUO yin-sheng;GU ai-su;CUI Jin
    . 2010, 1(20): 9-13.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Sprout seedling vegetable is commonly known as sprout, which including edible bud, shoot, gemmule, young shoot or young stem cultivated under certain conditions. Sprout seedling vegetable is nutritious, with unique flavor and tender quality. It contains a variety of body essential amino acids and minerals as the nutritional value is enhanced after seed germination. Sprout seedling vegetable is healthy and safe and has certain health care function. However, some growth regulators and trace element solution which would easily lead to the accumulation of chemicals commonly used for soaking or spraying in sprout cultivation and could give rise to safety and health hazards. So the development of safe, green, economic and efficient sprouts production technology is necessary. Light environment control technology which controls plant growth by physical means can meet the requirements of green agriculture and has broad application prospects in sprout seedling vegetable cultivation. There are many outstanding advantages of LED such as pure light quality, high efficiency, rich wavelength and convenient spectral energy modulation. So it is known as an ideal light environment control facilities in sprout seedling vegetables cultivation. The investigation and applications about light environment control in sprout seedling vegetable cultivation are summarized in this paper. The main contents include the present status and existing problems in sprout seedling vegetable cultivation in China, application of light control in sprout seedling vegetable cultivation, studies and prospects of LED used in sprout seedling vegetable cultivation.
  • QTL Analysis of Capsanthin Content in Pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）Mature Fruit
    Zhang Fangfang;Zhang Zhenghai;Mao Shengli;Wang Lihao;Hu Hong;Zhang Baoxi
    . 2010, 1(20): 14-18.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A RIL population consisted of 138 individual lines was constructed from the across between 83-58 and Perennial. 168 polymorphic markers including 142 SSR, 24 CAPS and 2 morphological markers（pun and up）were used to construct a linkage map of pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）. Capsanthin content of each line was evaluated when the fruit get into physiological maturity stage（70 days after flowering）, which were used to do QTL analysis. 3 QTLs related to capsanthin content were detected on P2, P10, P12 chromosomes, using MQM mapping method, accounting 7.6 %, 8.2 %, 6.5 % of the phenotypic variance respectively.
  • Morphological Diversity Analysis of Red-seed Edible Seed Watermelon Germplasm Resources
    LIU Tang-jing;Yu Hai-bin;Zhang Ke;Wu Su-ping
    . 2010, 1(20): 19-26.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Shape multiple cluster analysis and principal components analysis were carried out up to 51 red-seed edible seed watermelon（Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao.）germplasm resources. The results indicated that the red-seed watermelon idioplasm resources 39 shape character coefficient of variation is 5.37 %-66.95 %, the average coefficient of variation is 22.87 %. The average Shannon multiple information indices are 1.55, the seed length Shannon multiple information indices are the highest 2.16. The seed shell duplicate grain is the lowest 0.32. The quantity character shape multiple information indices are bigger than the quality character. Through the principal components analysis, the first principal components variance technical progress factor is 19.49 %, the second principal components variance technical progress factor is 15.32 %. The third principal components variance technical progress factor is 9.55 %. Gathers based on the shape character's cluster analysis, 51 materials are divided into 3 broad headings. The first kind has only 1 material, the second kind has 2 material. The first 2 kinds are all wild species materials. The 48 material of the 3rd kind are cultivated material.
  • Studies on Heterosis and Inheritance of Fruit Firmness in Genetic Male Sterile Tomato —‘Da107’
    WANG Xian-yu;YU Fen-di;LIANG Cong-yao;Chen wei;DU Yong-cheng;Masaharu Masuda;Kenji MURAKAMI
    . 2010, 1(20): 27-31.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This experiment took common parent ‘Da107’（a thermosensitive genetic male sterility line）and 6 tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）cross combination obtained from‘Da107’as female parent hybridized with 6 inbred lines（‘Dongsheng No.3’,‘Niufanqie’,‘Meilisha’, 1439, A3, as well as 12 respectively）as male parent as trial materials. Fruit firmness was determined with fruit firmness tester type GY-1 to estimate the parameters of heterosis, combining ability of fruit firmness, heritability and so on. The constant parent regression of fruit firmness was analyzed. The results indicated that fruit firmness showed negative heterosis among the 6 cross combination, general combining ability and special combining ability of fruit firmness were 58.56 % and 41.44 %, respectively. The broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability were 52.76 % and 50.31 %, respectively. And the constant parent correlation coefficient was 0.847 9, reached significant level.‘Da107’,‘Dongsheng No.3’,‘Meilisha’and‘Niufanqie’were advantageous to breeding as parents. Fruit firmness of‘Da107’בNiufanqie’hybrid combinations was the highest.
  • Primary Analysis of Fruit Quality of Processing Tomato
    ZHANG Yu-yang;LI Fang;GUO Ling;YU Jun;YE Zhi-biao;LI Han-xia
    . 2010, 1(20): 32-37.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this study, appearance quality, nutrient composition and processing quality were investigated on 31 processing tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）varieties and crossing combinations. The results showed that obvious relevance existed between fruit weight and longitudinal diameter, latitudinal diameter, and their multiplication product, with the highest correlation coefficient of 0.970 1. Major differences existed in fruit weight, fruit hardness, red fruit degrees, soluble solids, titratable acid, soluble sugar content and sugar/acid ratio among different tomato cultivars and the crossing combinations. The variation range of these 7 different parameters were between 22.60-137.40 g, 1.90-10.70 kg•cm-2, 9.60-30.71, 3.43 %-5.93 %, 0.21 %-0.67 %, 1.89 %-12.47 % and 7.28-40.73, respectively. The fruit hardness is the highest in‘Changnong 020’and‘Shihong No.15’. The red extent reaches the highest in E6203 and U338×U924. The soluble solids contents are the highest in U338×U924 and U520×U338. The titratable acid content is the highest in U338בJiazhou 2’and U924, and soluble sugar content is the highest in U338×9-1 and‘Jiahe No.9’. Sugar/acid ratio is the highest in ‘Jiazhou 2’×U520 and U338×9-1. The fruit quality of crossing combinations is better than that of parent plants and the main cultivars‘Liger 87-5’. Through the general quality analysis, the comprehensive quality is the best in U338×U924, relatively better in‘Shihong No.15’,‘Jiazhou 2’×U520,‘Jiazhou 2’×U924, while the less comprehensive quality falls into‘Jiahe No.9’and U924×U370. The fruit quality of wildly used cultivar‘Liger 87-5’is not so prominent.
  • Changes of endogenous hormone during devernalization in cabbage
    YU Xi-hong;LI Wen-ping;JIANG Xin-mei*;LIU Dong;ZHANG Yu
    . 2010, 1(20): 38-41.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘8398’cabbage（Brassica oleracea var. captata L.）plants with 7 true leaves and‘Jingfeng No.1’cabbage plants with 9 true leaves were vernalized in incubator. Then,‘8398’cabbage plants vernalized for 18 days and‘Jingfeng No.1’cabbage plants vernalized for 21 days were treated by high temperature of 37 ℃ for 12 hours to explore the changes of endogenous hormone during devernalization in cabbage. The results showed that: GA3 content had less changes, IAA content rose and ABA content decreased during devernalization. Compared with CK（vernalization period）, GA3 and ABA content decreased significantly, whereas IAA content rose significantly when devernalization ended. Lower GA3 and ABA content, and higher IAA content can benefit the accomplishment of devernalization.
  • Effect of grafting to growth and resistance physiology of eggplant under NaCl
    ZHOU Bao-li;LV Na;WANG Zihan;YE Xue-ling
    . 2010, 1(20): 42-46.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The commonly grown eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）cultivar‘Xi’anlvqie’ was used as scion. It was grafted with eggplant rootstock（Solanum torvum）. Growth and physiology of grafted eggplants and self-rooted eggplants under 5 different concentrations of NaCl solutions（0, 200, 400, 600, 800 mmol•L-1）were assayed. Results showed that salt injury index to grafted eggplants declined 29.09-45.45 than self-rooted control. The plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight of aboveground, fresh weight of root, the chlorophyll content, proline content（Pro）, root activity, peroxidase（POD）activity, polyphenoloxidase（PPO）activity and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase（PAL）activity of grafted eggplants were higher than self-rooted control 6.63 %-11.52 %, 8.05 %-55.34 %, 13.97 %-45.29 %, 30.91 %-97.35 %, 113 %-265 %, 73 %-136 %, 173 %-386 %, 27.12 %-86.32 %, 44.80 %-250.00 %, 22.65 %-41.33 %, respectively. Malondialdehyde（MDA）content and relative conductivity were lower comparing with control 37.89 %-81.94 % and 26.12 %-54.55 %. Therefore, eggplant resistance under NaCl will be improved by grafting.
  • Applying Q2 Technology to Quickly Test and Improve Tomato Seed Vigor
    CHEN Nengfu;ZHU Zhujun;HE Yong;ZHAO Guangwu;SHI Huixin
    . 2010, 1(20): 47-51.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Effects of seed priming with Gentle B and Safe B on tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）seed vigor were investigated by Q2（oxygen sensor）technology. Germination tests in common temperature（25 ℃）and temperature stresses（35 ℃/10 ℃）were conducted, so as to evaluate the feasibility of using Q2 technology to test seed vigor after priming. The results showed that both Gentle B and Safe B priming could improve seed vigor and Safe B priming showed more obvious effects. Primed seeds could shorten the increased metabolism time（IMT）and relative germination time（RGT）, increased oxygen metabolism rate（OMR）, which was accordant to germination energy and germination index. This result suggested that it was feasible to test the vigor of primed tomato seeds by Q2 technology.
    • 试验研究
  • Establishment and Identification System for Physiological Races of Fusarium oxyporum f. sp. niveum
    Geng Lihua;Guo Shaogui;Lu Guiyun;Zhang Haiying;Gong Guoyi;Xu Yong*
    . 2010, 1(20): 52-56.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    In order to get consistent reproducible results, the system for identifying physiologic races of Fusarium oxyporum f. sp. niveum（FON）is suggested, in which the important factors influencing the results were determined based on the previous study results. The test was conducted and demonstrated that physiologic race 0, 1, and 2 of FON could be identified according to the system. It indicates that the system can be used as standards for identifying a physiologic race of FON. The system can also be used for conducting studies on physiologic race differentiation or pathogenicity of FON, and for screening watermelon breeding material for resistance to Fusarium wilt.

  • Control Tests of Celery Yellow Wilt by Fungicides and Bacillus M3 or S11 Strain
    Wang Yanli;Yu Guohui;Chen Yuanfeng;Yang Zihong;Chen Yanhong;Li Yongjian
    . 2010, 1(20): 57-61.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Celery yellow wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii. The integrated control of this disease by fungicides and bio-control bacteria were studied. The results showed that the concentration of pathogenic spores in seedling substrate were reduced obviously by treated with 50 % carbendazim WP, 50 % thiram-carbendazim WP or 40 % carbendazim-thiram WP. The elimination rates of spores were over 99.00 %. After the seedlings were transplanted into the fields, the disease incidence of celery yellow wilt were decreased greatly by treated with those 3 fungicides respectively or treated instead of Bacillus strain S11 or M3. The highest control effect was up to 85.98 %. Among these treatments, 50 % carbendazim WP continuous treatment or using Bacillus S11 or M3 instead 50 % carbendazim WP in the filed stage had no negative influence on the height and weight of celery.
  • Control Effects and Economic Efficiency Evaluation of 10 Fungicides Controlling Potato Late Blight Disease
    Liu Qiong-guang;Chen Hong;Luo Jian-jun;Quan Feng;Tang Chan-feng;Cao Xian-wei
    . 2010, 1(20): 62-67.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Ten fungicides, such as 72 % Cymoxanil mancozeb WP, 50 % Acrobat WP, 25 % Azoxystrobin SC, 64 % Oxadixyl mancozed WP, 68 % Metalaxyl-M WG, 70 % Propineb WP, 68.75 % Fluopicolide SC, 18.7 % Cabrio-team WG, 25 % Mandipropamid SC and 50 % Carbendazim WP were investigated for potato（Solanum tuberosum L.）late blight disease control effects in field. The results showed that 9 of them except 50 % Carbendazim WP had obviously control effects（over 90 %）on potato late blight disease and yield increasing role with the rate of 10.90 %-20.30 %. And the net income could be raised to 7 500-15 000 Yuan per hm2. According to the disease control and yield increasing effects, the fungicides used in Guangdong Province for controlling potato late blight better follow the following order; firstly 72 % Cymoxanil mancozeb WP and 50 % Acrobat WP, then 68 % Metalaxyl-M WG, 18.7 % Cabrio-team WG, 25 % Mandipropamid SC, 70 % Propineb WP and 64 % Oxadixyl mancozed WP, etc.
  • Comparison on Field Trapping Efficiency of 4 Kinds Sex Pheromone Lures for Diamond Back Moth，Plutella xylostella（L.）
    YUAN Kai;XIAO Jin-fen;ZHENG Jian-qiu;SHI Ying-chun;FANG Yu-xiang;WANG Feng-shan;FANG Yu-lan
    . 2010, 1(20): 68-70.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Field comparative experiment was conducted for trapping efficiency of 4 kinds sex pheromone lures for diamond back moth，Plutella xylostella（L.）. The results showed that the trapping efficiency of natural rubber lures（T1）was the best and that of natural rubber lures（T2）was the next. The trapping efficiency of T1 and T2 were remarkably better than that of the 2 capillary lures（M1 and M2）. The differences between them were very significantly.
  • Effects of Pruning Way and Fruit Setting Position on Muskmelon Yield in Autumn Plastics Greenhouse
    LIU Xue-lan;ZHANG Xue-mei;ZONG Jing;ZENG Jian-bo
    . 2010, 1(20): 71-73.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A test about muskmelon（Cucumis melo L.）pruning way and fruit set position was made within steel greenhouse in Beijing. The results showed that double vine pruning with 14 joint position fruit setting and single vine with 15 joint position fruit setting were the best in yield and fruit characteristics, followed by single vine with 12 and 9 joint position fruit setting. Double vine pruning with 2 fruit setting were not suitable in practical production.
  • A New Autumn Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Qiugan No.4’
    KANG Jun-gen;Ding Yun-hua and Jian Yuan-cai
    . 2010, 1(20): 74-76.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Qiugan No. 4’is a new cabbage F1 hybrid developed by crossing a CMS line CMS95100 with a self-compatible line 98017-3-5-6-5-2-2. It is of mid-early maturity, takes 70-75 days from transplanting to harvest. The external leaf color is grey green. The leafy head is green, round, compact. It is tolerant to head splitting, with tender leaves and good quality. It is 18.5 cm in height, 17.5 cm in diameter, with a short core of 5.8 cm in length. Its average head weight is 2.0 kg. It has resistance to TuMV, middle resistance to black rot. It yields about 52.5 t•hm-2. It is suitable to grow in autumn in North, South, Northwest and Southwest China.
  • A New Tomato F1 Hybrid─‘Hachuanzhu N0.203’
    Chen qingqi;Men wanjie;xu jing;Li xianming;Lei na
    . 2010, 1(20): 77-78.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Hachuanzhu 203’is a new string tomato F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred lines R2233 and H2477. This variety belongs to unlimited growth type with strong growth potential. The plant has a deep green color, single raceme, common leaf, yellow flower, and round red string fruit. Single fruit weight is 15-22 g and each string can be left 10-12 fruits. Immature fruit has green shoulders. The matured fruit is red with better firmness instead cracking fruit. The growth period of this variety is about 115 days. Its taste is good with sweet and sour flavor, and its resistance to Fusarium wilt and virus diseases is good. The average yield is normally around 54.0 t•hm-2. This variety is suitable for long-season protected cultivation.
  • A New Cucumber F1 Hybrid —‘Dongnong 807’
    Qin Zhiwei;Zhou Xiuyan;Zhang Yanju;Wang Guiling;Wu Tao
    . 2010, 1(20): 79-81.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Dongnong 807’is a new cucumber F1 hybrid bred by using heterosis breeding. The female parent D0401 was gynoecious inbred line, while the male parent D0327-4 was steady and high inbred line. It grows vigorously. Its leaf is dark green and the vine is stoutness. It bears fruits mainly in main stem with high fruit-setting rate and low branching rate. The first fruit starts at the 5th-6th node, and then every node has fruits. It is high resistant to Fusarium wilt and bacterial augular leaf spot disease, resistant to downy mildew and powdery mildew. The fruit is 18-20 cm in length, 3 cm in diameter, and 140-160 g in weight. Its fruit has high marketable quality with tender, crisp texture and sweetish flavors and the standard fruit rate is above 90 %. The fruit is dark green in color, lustrous with little tumor. The length of fruit cavity is below 1/2 smaller than that of fruit diameter. It can yield 67.5-84.0 t•hm-2.
  • A New Potato Variety—‘Longsh N0.8’
    Li Gaofeng;Wen Guohong;Wang Yihang;Li Jianwu
    . 2010, 1(20): 82-84.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Longshu No.8’is a new potato hybrid，which was selected from hybrid combination crossed using a deep-fried potato cultivated variety Atiantic as maternal parent and hybrid innovative resource materials L9705-9 as paternal parent.‘Longshu No.8’is a middle-late matured variety and its growth period is about 116 days.Its tuber is oval with light yellow rough skin，light yellow flesh and shallow eyes.The ratios of medium and large potato is over 80%.The average content of dry matter，crude protein，vitamin C and reducing sugar is 31.59%，2.96%，13.32mg/100g and 0.24% respectively.The content of starch is 22.91%～27.34% with an average of 24.89%.The yield of per 667m2 is 1776.7 kg.It is suitable for open field cultivation in high-altitude，cold and dankness region and semi-arid region.
  • A Machine Harvest Processing Tomato F1 Hybrid —‘Xinfan No.40’
    YANG Sheng-bao;WANG Bai-ke;PATIGULI;ZHANG Yong;PEN Ying-zhen;MAO Hao-liang;YANG Tao;ZHANG Gui-ren;GAN Zhong-xiang;YU Qing-hui*
    . 2010, 1(20): 85-87.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Xinfan No.40（Tunhe No.17）’is a processing tomato F1 hybrid.It was crossed by inbred line from PT-117 and PT-25.It is a late mature variety.It takes about 123days from sowing to the first harvest.Its plants are determinate and it grows vigorously.The soluble solid content is 5%、soluble pectin content is 0.9% and the average weight per fruit is 86g、at the same time the pressure resistance and storage in field of fruit is so good that it is suitable to be harvested by machine.The yield is 90-120 t•hm-2.This variety is suitable for machine harvest by late seedling transplanting or seed sowing.
  • A New Spring Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Mutian No.9’
    Yang Yongqing;Xu Mao;Liu Shuhui;Mu Weiwei;Gao Jianfang;Qi Yinwei;Gao Dianjun;Li Haixia
    . 2010, 1(20): 88-90.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Mutian No.9’is a new spring cabbage F1 hybrid developed by combining TWJ113A line with BJU01A line. It is a very early-matured cultivar. It takes 42-45 days from transplantation to harvest. Its outer leaves are green and bright and its leaf head is round and compact. Its dwarf stem in head is less than the half of the height of the leaf head. It tastes sweet and fragile, and the content of VC, ash, total sugar, crude protein, crude giber is 509 mg•kg-1, 6.28 %, 4.03 %, 1.03 %, 0.50 %, respectively. Its yield is generally around 52.5-60.0 t•hm-2. It is suitable to grow in the outskirts of Beijing and Northern China.
  • A New Lily Variety —‘Lanzhoubaihe No.2’
    Xu Xuejun;Liang Yuwen;Liu Kai;Hu Xiangli
    . 2010, 1(20): 91-92.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Lanzhoubaihe No.2’was bred from spontaneous mutant plants in Lilium davidii var. unicolor（Hoog）cotton cultivar population by several years systemic selection, micro propagation and compare appraisement, regional and production test. Its plants growth is vigorous. The bulbs are of cup type. A single lily bulb is 200-280 g at mature period. Lily bulb is scale length and compact with white color. Its flesh is thick and delicate with sweet taste and less fiber. The contents of sucrose, starch, protein content, fat, kalium, zinc and VB2 were 8.75 %, 11.44 %, 3.26 %, 0.14 %, 0.36 %, 0.39 %, 1 000 mg•kg-1, respectively. Its yield is 27.0-37.5 t•hm-2. It has resistance to gray mold, Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium wilt and wide adaptability. It can be cultivated at Lanzhou and nearby mountainous areas with altitude above 1 500-3 000 m.
  • A New Welsh Onion Variety —‘Gaocong No.1’
    YUAN Guo-min;SONG Rui-sheng
    . 2010, 1(20): 93-94.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Gaocong No.1’is a new variety of welsh onion which is bred by years of systematic directional selection. The plant height is 145-165 cm with the fistular onion stalk of 75-85 cm. The trans diameter is 3 cm with 4-6 leave blades. The single plant weight is 0.3-0.5 kg. Its yield is over 90 t•hm-2. Its resistance to downy mildew is better than‘Yutiandacong’. Its resistance to alternaria leaf spot is similar to‘Yutiandacong’. It is resistant to lodging. Its sugar content is high and it is of good quality. It is good for raw eating. This variety has good taste and rich nutrient.‘Gaocong No.1’is suitable to be cultivated in Hebei, Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, etc.
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