15 September 2009, Volume 1 Issue 18

    

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专论与综述
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  Review and Prospect of Genetic Breeding on CMV Resistance in Pepper

  ZHAO Juan;WANG Li-hao*;YUN Xing-fu;ZHANG Bao-xi

  . 2009, 1(18): 1-7.

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  Cucumber mosaic virus is one of the main viruses in pepper.This paper reviews the studies carried on germplasm resources with CMV resistance in pepper,resistance breeding and progress made in molecular marker and quantitative genetics.It also prospects the development direction for CMV resistance pepper breeding in China.
试验研究
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  Comparative Study on Aroma Compounds of Tomato Cultured in Different Seasons

  YANG Ming-hui;CHEN Hai-li;TANG Xiao-wei;ZHU Yue-lin;LIU Ming-chi*

  . 2009, 1(18): 8-13.

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  Aroma compounds,fatty acid and lipoxygenase in forming aroma compounds of tomato fruits cultivated in greenhouse between different seasons were studied,taking cultivar‘Jiafen No.15’as experimental material.The study found that fatty acid content of tomato in autumn-winter stubble was higher than spring stubble,while aromatic content and lipoxygenase activity in spring stubble tomato fruits were significantly higher than in autumn-winter stubble.The autumn-winter stubble and spring stubble tomato fruits were detected 37 and 48 kinds of aroma compounds,respectively.The aromatic content in autumn-winter stubble was only 304.58 μg·kg^-1,while in spring stubble was as high as 702.39 μg·kg^-1,which was 2.3 times of the former.The results showed that the tomato flavor in spring stubble was significantly better than in autumn-winter stubble.
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  In Vitro Plant Regeneration and SSR Detecting of Regenerated-plants in Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)

  Mohammad Daoud Eliassi;SHEN Huo-lin*;YANG Wen-cai*;TAN Fang;WANG Shuai;GUO Shuang

  . 2009, 1(18): 14-20.

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  In vitro plant regeneration was achieved from 6 pepper lines(Cannuum L.).The effects of different types of explants including cotyledon(C),hypocotyls(H),two half cotyledons with hypocotyl(CS)and half of one cotyledon with hypocotyl(CH),medium,genotype,hormones and SSR detecting of regenerated plants were evaluated.The best medium for bud induction was MB₅ with addition of 2.0 mg·L^-1 TDZ,1.0 mg·L^-1 IAA,and 4 mg·L^-1 AgNO₃.The induction rate was as high as 100 %.The best medium for bud elongation was MB₅ with 3.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA,0.5 mg·L^-1 IAA,5.0 mg·L^-1 AgNO₃ and 2.0 mg·L^-1 GA₃.The highest rate of bud elongation was 87.5 %.Medium for rooting was MS with 0.2 mg·L^-1 IAA and 0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA.The rate for rooting was 100 %.Different types of explants had different abilities to bud induction and elongation.The CS was the best for induction.A total of 50 pairs of SSR primers were used to analyze generation variation in regenerated-plants and original plants.Twelve pairs of primers showed polymorphisms in plants regenerated from line‘Qiemen’,while no genetic variance was detected in 86 regenerated plants of line‘Fudijian’.
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  Evaluation of Molecule Markers Linked to Root-knot Nematode Resistance Gene(Mi)on Tomato

  WANG Ming-xia;YAN Cong-sheng;JIANG Hai-kun;DONG Yan-xiang;FANG Ling;ZHANG Qi-an

  . 2009, 1(18): 21-24.

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  Two molecule markers linked to root-knot nematode resistance gene(Mi)were used to identify the root-knot nematode resistance in 15 tomato materials during the seedling stage,and 1 immune material,3 high resistant materials,and 11 susceptive materials were selected by molecular markers assisted by selection and artificial inoculation.The results showed that both SCAR1 and SCAR2 can amplify the specific band which may linked to root-knot nematode resistance gene.The marker SCAR1,which showed closer relation with disease index of artificial inoculation during seedling stage,was more suitable to be selected to identify root-knot nematode resistance in tomato.
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  Pathogenicity Analysis of Different Botrytis cinerea Strains in Cucumber

  SHEN Di;LI Bao-ju;LI Xi-xiang;SONG Jiang-ping;SHI Yan-xia;WANG Hai-ping

  . 2009, 1(18): 25-28.

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  26 different strains of Botrytis cinerea Pers were used to identify the resistance of two pure lines of cucumber to gray mold by the inoculation method of mycelial plugs at seedling stage and in vitro leaves respectively.Results showed that the average area of disease spots in leaves infected by 26 strains were between 0 to 556.15 mm2，showing that the difference of pathogenicity was very significant.Resistance differences existed between two genotypes of cucumber inoculated by different strains.Analysis of gray correlation degree proved that the identification result of the inoculation method of in vitro leaves was basically coincidence with those of the inoculation method at seedling stage by certain strains.
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  Identification of Cucumber Target Leaf Spot（Brown Spot）Pathogen and Its Control

  LI Chang-song;ZHANG Mei;LI Lin*;LI Fan;QI Jun-shan;XU Zuo-ting;ZHANG Bo

  . 2009, 1(18): 29-33.

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  Cucumber target leaf spot is a serious disease in greenhouse in Shandong province.Based on its pathogen characteristics of morphology,pathogenicity and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA(ITS),the pathogen arousing cucumber target leaf spot in Shandong province was identified as Corynespora cassiicola(Berk & Curt)Wei.The disease could be effectively controlled by tebuconazole and oxinecopper in bioassay and field trial.The control effect to cucumber target leaf spot is 90.49 %.
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  Preliminary Studies on Controlling Cucumber Root-knot Nematode by Soil Treatment with Wheat Chaff

  SUN Bing-jian;YUAN Hong-xia;LI Yu;XING Xiao-ping;LI Hong-lian

  . 2009, 1(18): 34-37.

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  The effect of rotten and fresh wheat chaff on controlling cucumber root-knot nematode and plant growth were investigated in plots and pot,respectively.The control effect of 2 % rotten wheat chaff mixed with soil,poured root with 1.8 % abamectin EC 3 000 times liquid diluent were 54.86 % and 54.09 % in pot.The result in plots experiment showed that furrow application 400 g·m-2 rotten wheat chaff,poured root with 1.8 % abamectin EC 3 000 times liquid diluent,furrow application 200 g·m-2 rotten wheat chaff and 400 g·m-2 fresh wheat chaff have prominent control effects on root-knot nematode.They were 78.60 %,73.53 %,68.47 % and 68.47 %,respectively.All kinds of treatment could promote cucumber plant growth,but furrow application 400 g·m-2 rotten wheat chaff had the best result.Further study showed that the control effect of 200 g·m-2 rotten wheat chaff mixed with rotten beanstalk and 200 g·m-2 rotten wheat chaff mixed with rotten peanut husk by furrow application were 55.91 %,53.76 % and 56.99 %,respectively.It was similar to the effect of furrow application 400 g·m-2 rotten wheat chaff.
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  Effects of p-hydroxybenzoic Acid on Cowpea Fusarium Wilt Fungus

  ZHAO Xiu-juan;ZHANG Yan-rong

  . 2009, 1(18): 38-40.

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  Different concentrations of p-hydroxybenzoic acid(p-HB)were tested for their effects on conidial germination and mycelial growth of cowpea Fusarium wilt fungus,and seedling disease rate after challenge inoculation in the experiment.The results indicated that p-HB at the concentration of 5.0 and 10.0 mmol·L^-1 had very significant inhibition to mycelial growth，at 1.0-10.0 mmol·L^-1 p-HB had inhibition to conidial germination.10.0 mmol·L^-1 p-HB could significantly reduce the seedling disease rate after challenge inoculation with Fusarium wilt fungus.
论文
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  Effects of Different Pepper Varieties on Preventing Continuous Cropping Obstacle

  HOU Yong-xia;ZHOU Bao-li*;WU Xiao-ling

  . 2009, 1(18): 41-45.

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  In this study,three pepper varieties:‘Qiemen’sweet pepper,‘Niujiaowang’pepper and red cluster pepper were taken as experimental materials and cultivated in the soil for three continuous years to study their effects of preventing continuous cropping obstacle.The results indicated that soil with continuous cropping restrained pepper plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight of over-ground part and roots,leaf area,chlorophyll content and yields.Of the three varieties‘Niujiaowang’pepper had the strongest resistance to continuous cropping obstacle with 2.45 % yield decrease per plant.The resistance of red cluster pepper was the weakest with 14.8 % yield decrease per plant,and‘Qiemen’sweet pepper resistance was between them.
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  Studies on Facility Identification Method for Ploidy of Cabbage Microspore Plant

  DENG Yao-hua;XIONG Yi;ZHOU Guo-lin;WANG Ai-hua

  . 2009, 1(18): 46-50.

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  The cultivars obtained by microspore culture in cabbage of two F1 cultivars No.12 and No.22 were studied.Firstly,ploidys of the two F1 cultivars were detected by using flow cytometry.Secondly,the size of stomata protective cells was observed and the chloraplast number of doubled haploid cultivars and haploid cultivars with ploidy were counted and identified.The results show that there is a positive relationship between the chloraplast number of stomata protective cells and ploidy of cabbage.The chloraplast numbers of stomata protective cells in doubled haploid cultivars vary from 12 to 17 and that in haploid cultivars vary from 6 to 10.Thus the ratio of the chloraplast number of stomata protective cells in doubled haploid cultivars to that in haploid cultivars is about 2,and there is big difference between the chloraplast number of stomata protective cells in doubled haploid cultivars and of haploid cultivars.So observing the chloraplast number of stomata protective cells could be an easy and effective mean to identify ploidy of cabbage.
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  Analysis of Physiological Index of Squash Seedlings in Tolerance to Low Temperature and Weak Light

  MAO Li-ping;REN Jun;GUO Shang;SUN Zhong-fu

  . 2009, 1(18): 51-55.

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  Squash(Cucubita pepo L.)seedlings exposed to different low temperature and weak light were taken to investigate the effects on their physiological index.The results showed that POD and CAT activities increased,but SOD activity decreased,contents of soluble sugar and proline increased under the stress of low temperature and weak light.Each index showed greater change under crucial low temperature(10 ℃/5 ℃)than lower temperature(15 ℃/10 ℃),under weak light (50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)than crucial weak light(30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1).Temperature has greater effects than light.SOD，POD and CAT activities and contents of soluble sugar,proline had significantly or very significantly correlation with each other,which can evaluate squash seedlings tolerance to low temperature and weak light.‘Chaoyue 206’is better than‘Zaoqingyidai’and‘Tezaowang’in tolerance to low temperature and weak light,so it is suitable to be cultivated in greenhouse in winter and spring.
试验研究
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  Studies on Lead-endurance of Seed Germination and Radical Growth of Three Kinds Vegetables

  CHU Yu;DU Qing-fu;WANG Jian-hua*

  . 2009, 1(18): 56-59.

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  This paper investigated the effect of lead stress with different concentrations on the germination and radical growth of Chinese cabbage,cucumber and radish.The results showed that within the designed concentration range,lead stress almost had no significant effects on the Chinese cabbage seed germination,but had significant effects on cucumber and radish seeds germination,inhibited the three kinds vegetables seeds radical growth significantly.With the increase of lead concentration,the inhibition index of the radical growth increased remarkably,the radical became podgy,deformed,even browning and necrotic.By comparing the inhibition index for radical growth of the three kinds vegetables,it could conclude that the lead-endurance of different kinds vegetables was different,the order of the endurance from strong to weak was radish,cucumber,Chinese cabbage.
论文
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  Identification of Tetraploid Potato Anther Culture and Its Regenerated Plant

  LU Cui-hua;SHI Ying;DI Hong;ZHANG Li-li

  . 2009, 1(18): 60-63.

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  Four genotypes,‘Ne16’,‘BoC’,‘Kexin No.13’,‘Zaliewa’of potato were used to study the factors affecting potato anther culture and identification of its regenerated plant.The results showed that microspore development stage was corresponding with bud morphological characteristics.The regeneration abilities of genotypes‘Ne16’was better than the others.The frequency of induction and differentiation were up to 27.60 % and 6.04 %,respectively.There were distinct differences between the dihaploids and their parental tetraploid cultivars in the traits such as plant vigor,leaf color and tuber shape.
试验研究
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  Main Factors Influencing Organogenesis of Watermelon In Vitro

  ZHOU Lin;;HUANG Jin-yan;QIN Sin-hua;HAN Jin-xing;;LI Wen-xin;HONG Ri-xin;HE Yi;LI Tian-yan;FAN Xue-jun

  . 2009, 1(18): 64-67.

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  Three genotypes watermelon cotyledon were used as materials to study the main factors influencing the frequency of organogenesis.The results showed that the optimum culture medium for induced buds is MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L^-1.Cotyledonary node is an ideal material for adventitious bud induction.The induction effects of these three genotypes are significantly different.The best rooting medium is MS+IAA 0.3 mg·L^-1.
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  Effect of Substrate Mating and Pruning Methods on Fruit Type Cucumber Growth and Quality

  CHEN Li-xin;YOU Hai-bo;LIU Li-yong

  . 2009, 1(18): 68-69.

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  Fruit type cucumber‘Mini No.4’was taken as experimental material under long term cultivation and soilless condition to study the effect of substrate mating and pruning methods on its yield and quality.The results show that cucumber grows stronger and yields higher with substrate of 3 peat，2 chicken fecal and 1 vermiculite,pruning methods of maintaining 15 function leaves.
品种选育
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  A New Early Maturity Chinese Cabbage F₁ Hybrid —‘Jinqiu 606’

  LIU Xiao-hui;WEN Feng-ying;ZHAO Bing;LUO Zhi-min;WANG Chao-nan

  . 2009, 1(18): 70-71.

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  ‘Jinqiu 606’is a new early maturity autumn Chinese cabbage F₁ hybrid developed by crossing two self-incompatible lines H79 with J185.Its growing period is 65 days.The plant is 37 cm in height,59 cm in width.Its leafy head is 30 cm in height,16 cm in diameter and 2.0 kg in weight.The plant type is half-vertical and compact with dark green and light wrinkled leaf and with reseda petiole.The leaf head is short cylinder-shaped and overlapping on top.‘Jinqiu 606’has stronger resistance to downy mildew,virus and soft rot than‘Xiaoza 60’.Both commercial quality and taste are good.It has less crude fiber.It yields about 75.0 t·hm^-2.
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  A New Spring Chinese Cabbage F₁ Hybrid-‘Qingyanchunbai No.1’

  YANG Xiao-yun;ZHANG Shu-xia;ZHANG Qing-xia;SI Chao-guang;WANG Yuan

  . 2009, 1(18): 72-73.

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  ‘Qingyanchunbai No.1’is a new spring Chinese cabbage bred by crossing male sterile line A29 with self incompatible line A-21-7-13-s-1.Its growing period is about 60 days.It is tolerant to immaturity bolting.It is about 36 cm in plant height,55 cm in plant spread,its outer leaf is dark green.Its head shape is ovate,sphericity index is 1.5,and average head weight is 2.0-2.5 kg.Its yield is about 105 t·hm^-2.It has been extended to Shandong,Shanxi,Shaanxi,Henan,Guizhou and Yunnan etc.Its extension area is 300 hm².
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  A New Early Maturity Processing Tomato F1 Hybrid —‘Tunhe No.8’

  MAO Hao-liang;PENG Gang;ZHANG Yong;WANG Bai-ke;GAN Zhong-xiang;ZHANG Gui-ren;YU Qing-hui

  . 2009, 1(18): 74-75.

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  ‘Tunhe No.8’is a processing tomato F1 hybrid.It was crossed by inbred line N-375 and N-47.It is an early maturity variety.It taks about 94 days from sowing to the first harvest.Its plants are determinate and it grows vigorously.The soluble solid content is 5.4 %,lycopene content is 136 mg·kg^-1 and the average fruit weight is 85 g.The yield is 90-105 t·hm^-2.It is suitable to be cultivated by early seedling transplanting or by seed sowing.
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  A New Bitter Gourd F₁ Hybrid —‘Chuntai’

  WANG An-le;DENG Wen-qiao;LIN Jia-fu

  . 2009, 1(18): 76-77.

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  ‘Chuntai’is a new bitter gourd F₁ hybrid developed by crossing female parent C0238 and male parent Z0278.It has early maturity with long stick shape.The first fruit is set at 7th-9th nodes and the fruit setting ability is strong.The pericarp is green.Its flesh is crispy and tasted medium bitter.The average fruit is 32 cm in length,6.7 cm in diameter,1.1 cm in flesh thickness.The single fruit weights about 300 g.It can yield about 60 t·hm^-2.It is suitable to be cultivated in the Yangtze River Valley.