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15 August 2011, Volume 1 Issue 16
    

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  • Totipotency Expression of Plant Protoplast and Its Application in Brassica oleracea L. Vegetable Breeding
    SHENG Xiao-guang，GU Hong-hui*，ZHAO Zhen-qing，YU Hui-fang，WANG Jian-sheng，ZHANG Xiao-hui
    . 2011, 1(16): 1-8.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The isolated protoplasts，exposed cells without coated cell wall，own the totipotency to regenerate a whole plant under appropriate culture conditions．Separation，culture and reproduction technology of plant protoplast is a platform for plant breeding，gene engineering and cell physiology study．Therefore it is of important significance．This paper expounds the obtain，culture and regeneration etc key technology in the process of protoplast totipotency expression，and their application in Brassica oleracea vegetables breeding．Existing problems in protoplast technology were discussed．Suggestions were proposed for improving plant protoplast culture system and for this work in the near future．
  • Research Progress on Changes in Physiological Index and Dormancy Control Methods during Garlic Dormancy Period
    DU Jian-can1，YANG Song-ming2，YANG Zheng-an1，ZHAO Wei-rong3，CHE ji-xing2，LI Zhi-hui4，HAN Shu1*
    . 2011, 1(16): 9-14.
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    Garlic（Allium sativum L.）dormancy is a physiological process of garlic bulb mature．The length of dormancy directly affects the commercial features of garlic bulb and garlic germination in cultivation．The paper summarizes the previous studies about changes laws in physiological index during dormancy and methods of breaking and delaying garlic dormancy．It also analyzes the research progress made in studying garlic dormancy mechanism，the existing problems in utilizing garlic bulb dormancy in production and marketing．Before ending, it puts forward orientations for studying garlic bulb dormancy mechanism in the near future.
  • A Molecular Evidence Supporting Chinese Kale Origined in China
    WANG Dong-mei1，CHEN Chen1，2，WANG Qing-biao1，ZHUANG Mu1*，LIU Yu-mei1，YANG Li-mei1，ZHANG Yang-yong1，FANG Zhi-yuan1
    . 2011, 1(16): 15-19.
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    Chinese kale（Brassica oleracea var．alboglabra Baily）was considered to be originated from Mediterranean coast or South China．In order to obtain the molecular evidence of the Chinese kale origination，EST-SSR markers were used to study the genetic diversity of Brassica oleracea．38 samples were examined with 61 primer pairs of EST-SSR and amplified 174 fragments that were polymorphic，stable and clear．The genetic similarity coefficients were calculated by software NTSYSpc2.11 based on EST-SSR results．One detailed phylogenetic tree was generated by UPGMA clustering．All the samples were clustered into 3 groups on coefficient of 0.62，the group of Northwest Europe Coast，the group of Mediterranean Coast，and the group of South China，respectively．It suggested that Chinese kale was originated in South China．Chinese kale was clustered into 2 groups based on leaf shape and leaf surface in this study．
  • Expression Analysis of Eggplant Parthenocarpic Candidate Genes
    ZHANG Ying1，2，LIU Fu-zhong2*，LI Xiang-Jing2，CHEN Yu-hui2，ZHANG Zhen-xian1，FANG Zhi-yuan1，2，LIAN Yong2
    . 2011, 1(16): 20-26.
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    Differentially expressed unigenes from eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）suppression subtractive hybridization（SSH）cDNA library were BLAST analyzed in GeneBank database．The results showed that 1 109 unigenes were homologous to known genes，including methionine sulfoxide reductase，MADS-box transcription factor，histone，cryptochrome etc，and 139 unigenes could be new genes．The expression profile of 10 differentially expressed unigenes in parthenocarpic fruits and unparthenocarpic fruits were studied by Real-time PCR．According to Real-time quantitative PCR results，we screened out unigenes Z569 and Z707，which were differentially expressed in parthenocarpic fruit at low temperature，may be related with eggplant parthenocary and be used as the candidate gene for the study of eggplant parthenocarpy.
  • Relationship between Mannanase and Firmness of Tomato
    ZHANG Bing-xiu，LI Jing-fu*，WANG Ao-xue*，XU Xiang-yang
    . 2011, 1(16): 27-33.
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    LeMan4 gene was cloned from tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）‘Micro-Tom’pericarp．And a plant expression vector of antisense LeMan4 was constructed．Genetic transformation to tomato was mediated by EHA105．PCR and Southern blot test were performed according to NptⅡ sequence．Physiological tests were performed on transgenetic tomatoes．This is aimed to study the role of LeMan4 in tomato softening．The results showed that NptⅡ was integrated into tomato genome，mannanase activity of transgenetic tomatoes was inhibited less than 12.2 % of the control，and transgenetic fruits could ripen，but the firmness were higher than the control，indicating that mannanase was indeed relevant to fruit softening，but not an essential factor for fruit ripening.
  • Evaluation of Cold Tolerance of Cucumber Seed and Seedling
    QI Xiao-hua，ZHANG Ping，XU Qiang，CHEN Xue-hao*
    . 2011, 1(16): 34-38.
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    The cold tolerance of 22 cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）cultivars belonging to 6 different ecotypes was evaluated and the relative germination ratio of seeds under 15 ℃，radical growth rate under 2.5 ℃ treatment and relative electron leakage ratio at seedling stage of each cultivar were tested．The results indicated that two out of 8 North China cucumber cultivars showed strong tolerance to cold stress and 1 was tolerant to cold stress．4 South China cucumber cultivars were sensitive or low tolerant to cold stress．Nine cucumber cultivars belonging to American field type，European greenhouse and field types were of different eco-types，showing tolerance，mid-tolerance and no tolerance to cold stress．Only 1 Japanese cultivar was sensitive to cold stress.
  • Effect of Microbe Fertilizers+Seedling Substrate on Cold Tolerance and Storage Quality of Cucumber Seedling
    Maimaitituxun.Rouzi，DUAN Qi-zhen，QU Mei，GAO Li-hong*
    . 2011, 1(16): 39-43.
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    Seedling substrates were mixed with various amounts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens，Glomus mosseae and a commercial bio-fertilizer prior to sowing, in order to evaluate the low temperature（12 ℃）storage effect and photosynthesis speed recovery process of Cucumis sativus seedlings after varied storage time（3 d，6 d，9 d，12 d）．The results showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bio can improve chlorophyll content and photosynthesis speed during storage．Bacillus amyloliquefaciens treatment could speed photosynthesis recovery process of seedlings after low temperature storage，so that the seedlings were able to grow like normal plant. At the same time，MDA content was relatively low when the seedlings were treated by FZB-42．This indicated that the damage of cell structure was also low．Glomus mosseae and FZB-42 treatments would enable cucumber seedlings to keep stable freshness during low temperature storage and to grow in trimness．
  • Effect of Red and Blue LED Light Intensity on Growth and Quality of Lettuce
    WANG Zhi-min1，SONG Fei-fei1，XU Zhi-gang2，LIU Xiao-ying2*，YANG Yang2
    . 2011, 1(16): 44-49.
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    Growth and quality of lettuce（Lactuca sativa L.）were studied under 3 red and blue LED light intensity，such as 100 μmol?m-2?s-1（RB100），200 μmol?m-2?s-1（RB200）and 300 μmol?m-2?s-1（RB300）．Morphological appearances of seedlings were significantly different between light treatments．Compared with the other 2 treatments，plant height，leaf area，root length and specific leaf area of RB100 treatment were significantly greater，and the contents of soluble protein were richer．However，content of VC under RB300 treatment was the highest，and contents of nitrate acid and chlorophyll were the lowest．These results suggest that RB300 treatment is good for improving lettuce quality，while RB100 treatment is good for promoting lettuce growth．
  • Studies on Alleviation Effect of Carbonized Maize Cob to Phthalic Acid on Restraining Growth and Enzyme Activity of Tomato Seedlings
    LI Liang-liang，LI Tian-lai*，ZHANG En-ping，CHEN Bin，LIU Wen-e，WU Zheng-chao
    . 2011, 1(16): 50-55.
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    We examined the effects of phthalic acid on the growth of tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）seedlings，and its alleviation of applied carbonized maize cob was shown．The tomato seedlings were transplanted in the hydroponic system with perlite as substrate，and the biomass，photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes activity were investigated．The results showed that phthalic acid could inhibit the biomass，photosynthesis and chlorophyll b contents of tomato seedlings．With the extension of treatment time，the activities of SOD，POD and CAT were increased at the initial stage，then decreased and the MDA content was increased by the treatment of phthalic acid．But the inhabitations were alleviated by applied carbonized maize cob．The biomass，photosynthesis index and chlorophyll b content were increased．The fluctuations of antioxidant enzymes were slight and MDA content was decreased．
  • Differences in Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Different Tomato Varieties
    ZHANG Chuan-wei，SONG Shu-yao*，ZHAO Chun-bo
    . 2011, 1(16): 56-60.
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    Taking 25 tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）varieties as material，we studied the differences in nitrogen absorption and utilization of different tomato varieties under the same nitrogen level．The result showed that the total nitrogen absorption and utilization amplitude of tomato was 262.8-460.1 kg?hm-2 and 281-526 kg?kg-1．The cluster analysis indicated that there were 4 varieties with low N absorption，high N utilization and high yield．They are‘Chaoyan 219’，‘Ruiqi No.1’，‘Sijifenhong’，‘Jiafen19’．The average yield was 145 754 kg?hm-2．The correlation and path analysis indicated that the total N absorption were positive linearly to tomato yield and had a dominant effect on improving tomato yield.
  • Effect of Storage Temperature on Respiratory Rate and Quality Indices of Winter Squash
    LIU Wei-xin1，LI Min1*，SUN Ling-qiang2
    . 2011, 1(16): 61-66.
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    In order to study the effect of storage temperature on respiratory rate and quality index of winter squash（Cucurbita maxima Duch. ex. Lam.），2 cultivars of winter squash—‘Qingnongluli No.1’（‘Luli’）and‘Juli No.3’（‘Juli’）were taken as experimental material．The results showed that the respiratory rates of the experimental materials under low temperature had very little changes，but their respiratory rates under room temperature increased markedly and reached to the top value at the 25th day after storage．The contents of polysaccharose and starch both showed a trend of decreasing，while the content of carotenoids showed an increasing trend，with a faster rate under room temperature．The contents of soluble sugar，soluble solids，and soluble protein all showed a trend of increasing first，then decreasing．Except for the content of carotenoids，the contents of polysaccharose，starch，soluble sugar，soluble solids，and soluble protein in‘Luli’were significantly higher than those in‘Juli’．The contents of polysaccharose，starch，soluble sugar，soluble solids，carotenoids and soluble protein of both cultivars under low temperature were higher than those under room temperature．
  • Effect of Dry-heat Treatment of Different Temperature on Germination of Vegetable Seed
    LI Rui-yun，YANG Lin，CHANG Hua，LIU Wei，YAN Shu-peng，GAO Fu-xin
    . 2011, 1(16): 67-71.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The seeds of 5 vegetable varieties were treated under different temperatures for 8 hours，so as to find out the safe temperatures for of dry-heating different vegetable seeds．The results indicate that 70 ℃ is the safe temperature for all treated groups，and 80 ℃ is the safe temperature for sweet pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）seed‘Zhongjiao No.7’，cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）seed‘Zhongnong No.14’，and celery（Apium graveolens L.）seed‘Vetula’．
  • Effect of Exogenous ALA on Cucumber Growth Indices and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity under Suboptimal Light
    LIU Cui-xia1，LUO Qing-xi1*，LI Yue-jian2，LIU Xiao-jun2，LIANG Gen-yun2，YANG Hong2
    . 2011, 1(16): 71-78.
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    The experiment conducted with spraying 5-aminolevulinic acid（ALA） to cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.） seedlings of 3 varieties（‘h02’，‘h082’and‘Chuanlv No.1’）in 2 true leaves stage，then with shading treatment．The study set 5 concentrations．They were 0 mg?L-1（CK），0.01 mg?L-1，0.1 mg?L-1，1 mg?L-1，10 mg?L-1，50 mg?L-1，respectively．After ALA spraying for 0 day，2 days，6 days，10 days，14 days on cucumber seedlings，leaf protect enzymes and MDA content were determined，and the growth situation of cucumber seedlings were recorded．Results showed that the application of low concentration of shading when ALA processing cucumber seedlings，can promote plant height，increase leaf area and stem diameter，improve SOD and POD activities and reduce the MDA accumulation．When ALA reaches a certain concentration，its promoting function is the strongest．Then with the concentration increases，its promotion effect weakens．This indicates that ALA can improve cucumber seedlings tolerance to weak light，and 1 mg?L-1 ALA treatment has the best effect.
  • Dynamic Analysis of Flavor Components in Oriental Melon during After- ripening Period
    HAO Lu-yu，YU Ze-yuan*，LI Xing-guo
    . 2011, 1(16): 79-85.
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    The kinds of volatile flavor substance and their relevant contents in oriental melon（Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino）cultivar ‘Hatian-No.2’during 7 stages of after-ripening period were tested by SPME combined with GC-MS technology．77 kinds of volatile substance were found and the kinds of volatile flavor substance reduced along with the fruit after-ripening and there were different level changes in flavor contents．40 kinds of esters were found，which took over 90 % of the total flavor component content．There were 12 kinds esters，including Methyl acetate|Ethyl Acetate|Acetic acid，propyl ester|Acetic acid，isobutyl ester|Butanoic acid，ethyl ester|Acetic acid，butyl ester|2-Methyl-1-butyl acetate|S-（3-Hydroxypropyl）thioacetate|Acetic acid，hexyl ester|2,3-Butanediol- diacetate|Isopropoxyacetic acid，ethyl ester|Acetic acid，phenylmethyl ester．The important aromatic compounds were esters，among which the changes in relative content of Ethly1 Acetate and 2,3-Diacetate are remarkable．
  • Dynamic Analysis on Pesticide Degradation of Agrocybe aegerita Composts
    WANG Long1，2，ZHANG Duo1，WANG Sheng-rong2，WANG Bing-feng1，ZHAO Yu-hui1，GAO Jing-mei1，QIN Peng1
    . 2011, 1(16): 86-90.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A gas chromatography（GC）method was developed for determination of 5 pesticides degradation dynamic in the sample of Agrocybe aegerita composts．The sample was extracted by acetonitrile and cleaned up by florisil column，separated by quartz capillary column．Degradation dynamics of BHC（α-BHC，β-BHC，γ-BHC，δ-BHC），DDT（o, p' –DDT，p, p' –DDT，p, p' -DDD，p, p' -DDE），Chlorpyrifos，Deltamethrin，Cypermethrin were determined simultaneously by GC-ECD．Minimum detection amount were 2.8×10-10-1.6×10-8 g．Minimum detection concentration were 0.000 15-0.053 00 mg?kg-1，relation coefficient≥0.995 4，Half-life were 33.02 d，53.14 d，18.21 d，18.16 d and 9.4 d，respectively.
  • ELISA Detection for Certain Virus Types of Squash，Beet and Chili in Panxi District of Sichuan Province
    YANG Hui-fang，RUAN Tao，BAO Ling-yun，YU Yun-qi，YANG Shui-ying，QING Ling*
    . 2011, 1(16): 91-94.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The squash，beet and chili plants with viral symptoms，collected from Panzhihua，Xichang and Dechang Districts of Sichuan Province，were detected by antigen-coated plate（ACP）- ELISA using polyclonal antibodies against Potato virus Y（PVY）and Potato virus X（PVX），and monoclonal antibodies against Tobacco mosaic virus（TMV），Cucumber mosaic virus（CMV），Broad bean wilt virus 2 （BBWV-2）and Turnip mosaic virus（TuMV）．The results showed that the infection percentage（74.71 %）of PVY was the highest in total 87 samples．12.64 %，13.79 %，22.99 %，10.34 % and 14.94 % samples were infected by CMV，TMV，TuMV，BBWV-2 and PVX，respectively．Other 25 samples（34.72 %）were mix-infected with more than 2 viruses．These results indicated that mix-infections of viruses occurred seriously and PVY was presently dominant virus on vegetables in Panxi District.
  • A New Mini Chinese Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Jingchunwa No.2’
    YU Yang-jun，ZHANG Feng-lan，ZHANG De-shuang，ZHAO Xiu-yun，YU Shuan-cang，XU Jia-bing，WANG Wei-hong
    . 2011, 1(16): 95-97.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Jingchunwa No.2’is a new mini Chinese cabbage F1 hybrid bred by crossing self-incompatible line 06135 with 06177．It takes about 45-50 days from transplanting to harvest．It has smaller plant size which fits to transplant in high density．It is tolerant to bolting，and is resistant to virus，downy mildew and black rot．Its head is of ovate shape with 22.5 cm in height and 9.8 cm in diameter．Its inner leaves are light yellow in color．Its average head weight is about 0.6 kg．The yield is about 75 t?hm-2．It has been extended to Beijing，Tianjin，Hebei，Henan，Gansu，Yunnan and Guizhou areas．
  • A New Chinese Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Niuzaoqiu No.1’
    ZHANG Zhi-gang，LI Qiao-yun，ZHANG Huan-jia，ZHAO Zhi-zhong*
    . 2011, 1(16): 98-100.
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    ‘Niuzaoqiu No.1’is a Chinese cabbage F1 hybrid developed by crossing self lines 94610 and 92-304．It is about 63 days from transplanting to harvest in open field．Its head is of inverted cone shape．The single head weight is about 1.8 kg，and edibility rate is about 61.0 %．It has no seta．It is resistant to virus and downy mildew．It has excellent quality．Its yield is 52.5 t?hm-2．It is suitable for planting in early autumn in Hunan，Guizhou，Chongqing，Hubei，Sichuan，Shandong，Henan，Shaanxi，Shanxi and Hebei Provinces，etc．
  • A New Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Xiahua No.2’
    CHEN Wen-hui，FANG Shu-gui，SHAO Gui-rong
    . 2011, 1(16): 101-102.
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    ‘Xiahua No.2’is a new cabbage F1 hybrid developed by crossing cytoplasmic male sterile line NBB10-87 and inbred line 107-1．It is a mid-maturing and heat-resisting cultivar．It takes about 70 days from transplanting to harvest．The plant is about 32 cm in height，60 cm in expansion diameter. It is green in color with medium wax powder. The head is flat and 13.5 cm in height，17 cm in diameter. The average head weight is 1.1 kg and mean yield is 37.5-45.0 t?hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in summer and autumn in Fujian Province．
  • A New Tomato F1 Hybrid —‘Dongnong 716’
    ZHANG He，LI Jing-fu，KANG Li-gong，WANG Ao-xue，JIANG Jing-bin，XU Xiang-yang*
    . 2011, 1(16): 103-104.
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    ‘Dongnong 716’is a new mid-later maturing tomato F1 hybrid，developed by crossing 05HN01 as male parent and 05HN06 as female parent．It is high resistant to ToMV，leaf mold，Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt．The fruit is large in size．Its average head weight is 220-240 g．Its fruit is red in color，of regular shape with high firmness．The average yield is over 150 t?hm-2 under large plastic shade．It is suitable for cultivation under large plastic shade and in open field.
  • A New Hybrid Hot Pepper Variety —‘Changla No.7’
    ZHOU Qing-hua，ZHANG Hai-bin，WANG An-le，LIN Jia-fu，SHAO Qi，HUANG Ri-hong
    . 2011, 1(16): 105-108.
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    ‘Changla No.7’is a new CMS hybrid hot pepper variety developed by crossing 903A and restorer line 7122．This is a mid maturing hot pepper variety with long goat-horn shape．The fruit is about 18-20 cm in length，1.2-1.4 cm in diameter，0.22 cm in thickness and 15 g in average single fruit weight．Its growing fruit is deep-green and ripe fruit is bright red，with good commercial value．It has stronger resistance to anthracnose than‘Xiangjiao No. 4’，resistance to virus and blight is similar to‘Xiangjiao No. 4’．The yield is 36 t?hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in Hunan，Guizhou，Henan and areas with same ecological conditions．
  • A New Mini Watermelon F1 Hybrid —‘Chenglan’
    XU Jin-hua，YANG Xing-ping，LIU Guang，GAO Chang-zhou，ZHU Ling-li，YAO Xie-feng
    . 2011, 1(16): 109-111.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The new mini watermelon Fl hybrid‘Chenglan’is of early maturity bred by crossing SW039 as female parent and SW040 as male parent．It takes 28-32 days from pollination to maturity．The fruit is of oval shape and green in color with thin deep green stripes．Single fruit weight is 1.8-2.5 kg．Its skin thickness is about 0.5 cm．The orange yellow flesh is crisp with excellent taste and flavor. Its soluble sugar content is 11.0 %-12.4 %．It is tolerate to low temperature and weak light. It has high fruit setting capacity．The yield is 27.0-34.5 t?hm-2．It is suitable to be planted in early spring，summer and autumn under plastic cover.
  • A New Winged Bean〔Psophocarpus tetragonolobus（L.）DC. 〕Cultivar —‘Xianglengdou No.3’
    QUAN Miao-hua，CHEN Dong-ming*，JIANG Xiang-hui
    . 2011, 1(16): 112-114.
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    ‘Xianglengdou No.3’is a new winged bean cultivar selected from 6 mutant generations of‘Zhongyi No.1’by EMS and NaN3．The plant grows vigorously with many branches. It has good pod bearing ability．It is of early and middle maturing．Its pod has green skin and flat shape．The tender pod is not fibrosis．Its flesh is crispy and of good quality．The pod is about 20.8 cm in length，3.3 cm in width，1.6 cm in thickness．It is suitable to be planted in late spring and early summer．The yield is generally about 14.85 t?hm-2．
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