15 October 2013, Volume 1 Issue 20

    

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  Research Progress on Vegetable Soil Microbial Obstacles in Protected
  Cropping Systems

  TIAN Yong-Qiang, WANG Jing-Guo, GAO Li-Hong

  . 2013, 1(20): 1-9.

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  Simple cropping（including continuous cropping and simple rotation） and excessive
  water and fertilizer input are 2 common phenomenon in Chinese protected vegetable cultivation．This
  phenomenon results in the problems of soil biological obstacles：as reduction of microbial diversity of
  protected vegetable soil，increasing of microbial pathogens, and damage of plant-parasitic nematodes，
  etc．Soil microbial obstacles have greatly threatened the sustainable utilization of soils in protected
  vegetable production systems in China．Soil microbe is one of the important factors that influence the
  plant growth，evolutionary process and productivity．Currently studies on vegetable soil microbial
  obstacles in protected cropping system have made significant progress．However，most of the study
  efforts are mainly focused on the general changes of soil microbial communities responding to human
  management，and thorough studies on change of soil ecological service function are needed to carry
  out. Therefore，this paper reviewed the internal and external studies on soil microbial obstacles，
  summarized the ecological effect of soil microbe-crop interaction and analyzed the key point for studying
  vegetable soil microbial obstacles in protected cropping systems．Besides，this paper briefly introduced
  the major ecological measures adopted in China to control these obstacles．It also provided suggestions
  for revealing potential causes of these obstacles in the future .
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  Research Progress in Melon Resistance Breeding to Gummy Stem Blight

  BI Yan-Fei, XU Bing-Hua, QIAN Chun-Tao, CHEN Jin-Feng

  . 2013, 1(20): 10-16.

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  Gummy stem blight（Gsb）is one of the main diseases in melon（Cucumis melo L.），
  caused by grape shuttle spore shell，and can infect the other cucurbit crops including watermelon and
  cucumber．This disease can result in different degrees of production loss．This paper introduces the
  related research progress in gummy stem blight pathogenic bacteria，the effects of different inoculation
  methods on resistance identification，and the new melon varieties resistant to gummy stem blight
  recently bred in China．The resistance identification results can be easily affected by its virulence and
  the environment．Thus relevant molecular markers should be pass to assist the resistance breeding．
  However，the existing molecular markers have a lot of deficiencies， which influenced breeding process．
  Therefore，researchers should clarify the different pathogenicity of pathogens，choose the appropriate
  inoculation and identification methods，and continuously improve the evaluation system on genetic
  diversity of germplasm resources，so as to pinpoint the distribution characteristics of melon germplasm
  genetic diversity.
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  Analysis of Factors Affecting the Demand for Beijing Policy Vegetable
  Insurance - Based on a Survey on Vegetable Growers

  MENG 　Yang, MU Yue-Ying

  . 2013, 1(20): 17-23.

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  Based on the Von Neumann-Morgenstern utility theory，this paper used the actual
  survey data，and analyzed the influencing factors for Beijing policy vegetable insurance demand by
  Logit model. The results showed that whether there were migrant workers，the number of fixed years for
  facility vegetable production，impact of agricultural risks to farm household production and life，farm
  households’ understanding about insurance of greenhouse and plastic shed，and the number of risk
  aversion means had significant impact on farm households’ wishs to purchase greenhouse and plastic
  shed insurance. Among them，the first 2 factors have negative influence on their purchasing intention；
  while，the later 3 factors have positive effects. Finally the paper put forward policy suggestions to
  promote the development of policy vegetable insurance in Beijing.
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  Moclecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of SPT Gene Transcription Factor
  Regulation of Pistil from Cabbage

  YANG Pu-Li, XU Jun-Qiang, LIU Zhi-Yu, WANG Zhi-Min, ZHANG Dan-Hua, TANG Qing-Lin, SONG 　Ming

  . 2013, 1(20): 24-31.

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  Taking cabbage（Brassica oleracea L.） E1 as materials，We extracted total RNA
  from capullo，reverse transcribed cDNA. According to SPT gene sequence of Arabidopsis，primers
  were designed and 1 085 bp SPT gene with 1 062 bp open reading frame（ORF）was cloned by homology
  cloning techniques. The deduced BoSPT protein contained 353 amino acids，with a molecular
  weight of 37.67 kD and pI of 6.83. After double enzyme of EcoRI and KpnI restriction enzymes，
  and then construct the recombinant plasmids pET43.1a-BoSPT. After transformation to E. coli Rosetta（
  DE3），the expression of recombinant proteins were detected via SDS-PAGE. The structural
  analysis of BoSPT though Smart-embl showed that it contained bHLH family domain，which located
  at the position of 173-221 amino acid residues，The phylogenetic tree indicated that the BoSPT had close genetic relationship with AtSPT and AlSPT. Prokaryotic expression showed that the molecular
  mass of BoSPT protein was purified.
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  Comparative Analysis of Epicarp Tissue Anatomical in Low Pesticide Residue
  Cucumber Strain

  ZHAO 　Wen, QIN Zhi-Wei, WU 　Peng, ZHOU Xiu-Yan

  . 2013, 1(20): 32-38.

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  The low pesticide residue cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）strain（D0351）and the
  high pesticide residue strain（D9320）were taken as tested materials．Chlorpyrifos and propamocarb
  pesticide were sprayed on cucumber plants in harvest beginning stage．The epicarp cells morphology，
  stoma，chloroplast and mitochondria ultra-structure of these 2 strains were compared．The result
  indicated that the biggest difference between these 2 strains was the structure of the epicarp cells．The
  epicarp cell of strain D0351 was elongated，while that of strain D9320 was foursquare．The outer area
  of the epicarp cell of D0351was smaller than that of D9320．After pesticide sprayed treatment，the
  epicarp cells of the strain D0351 became round or oblong，and the epicarp morphology of strain D0351
  was changed，while that of strain D9320 was not changed．The epicarp cell areas of both strains were
  increased．As for the stoma opening degree the strain D9320 is bigger than strains D0351．The number of osmium particle of both strains were increased and their sizes became larger in the chloroplast.
  Mitochondrial morphology and internal structure was not changed .
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  Salt Ions Content and Its Vertical Distribution in Salinization of Facility
  Vegetable Soil in Central and Southern Jiangsu Province

  ZHOU Zeng-Hui, ZHANG 　Na, HAN Cheng-Hua, JIANG Jie-Zeng

  . 2013, 1(20): 39-45.

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  In order to understand the status of salinization of facility vegetable soil，stratified
  sampling of 0-40 cm soil layer was conducted in typical salinization soil of facilities vegetable producing
  areas of central and southern Jiangsu Province with 10 cm as a unit，and the adjacent exposed soil
  outside the greenhouse was taken as control．We determined and analyzed the soil EC value and the
  vertical distribution of major salt content in the soil．The results showed that the EC value of each soil
  layer and the major salt ion contents of facility vegetable soil were obviously higher than that of the CK
  in the open field．NO₃^- was the major anion in different soil layers of this area and SO₄
  ^2- was also higher；while Ca²⁺ was the main cation．Soil EC value and the salt ion content were both higher in 0-10 cm soil
  layer，indicating possessing topsoil accumulation for them. Soil salinization had developed to deeper
  layers in some base.
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  Remediation Effect of Crop Straw on Continuous Cultivated Organic
  Substrate in Solar Greenhouse

  SONG Wei-Jiao, LI Yan-Su, YAN 　Yan, YU Xian-Chang, HE Chao-Xing

  . 2013, 1(20): 46-53.

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  The soil fertility of organic substrate is severely declined by continuous cultivation in
  facilities．In order to maintain the sustainable cultivation and utilization of organic substrate, rotten
  straw is added to continuous cultivated organic substrate in solar greenhouse．This paper studied the
  remediation effect of adding straw on continuous cultivated organic substrate．The results show that the
  bulk density of organic substrate added with composed straw decreased by 25.0%-30.4%，compared to
  continuous cultivated organic substrate，the total porosity is increased，and the substrate organic matter
  contents are increased，which will increase along with the increase of straw application quantity．The
  available N，P，K contents in substrate are all increased by adding straw．The total N，P contents and
  available N，P of organic substrate∶maize stalk=1V∶2V is the highest．By adding straw the substrate
  temperature in the morning of spring is 0.80-1.50 ℃ higher than that of continuous cultivated organic
  substrate．Whereas the oxygen concentration is declined remarkably，and organic substrate∶wheat
  straw = 1V∶2V is the lowest．By adding straw to continuous cultivated organic substrate，the plant growth，chlorophyll contents and root system vigor of cultivated cucumber are remarkably improved，its
  yield is increased and fruit quality is also improved．The cucumber yield in the treatment with organic
  substrate∶wheat straw= 1V∶1V is the highest，which is increased by 20.87% than that of the continuous
  cultivated organic substrate．Therefore，adding straw to continuous cultivated organic substrate can
  significantly improve the physicochemical characteristics of organic substrate，and increase the yield of
  cucumber．The comprehensive result of treatment organic substrat e∶wheat straw = 1V∶1V is the best.
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  Studies on Geothermal Temperature Forecasting Technology in Solar
  Greenhouse

  YANG 　Dan, XUE Xiao-Ping, LI 　Nan, WANG Hong-Bo, DU Hai-Bo

  . 2013, 1(20): 54-60.

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  According to the meteorological data observed inside and outside the solar greenhouse
  （December to next February）from 2007 to 2011，this paper analyzes the geothermal temperature changing
  characteristic inside and outside the solar greenhouse，and its relationship with meteorological elements
  inside and outside the solar greenhouse under different weather conditions：sunny，overcast and cloudy
  days．Taking the metrological factors inside and outside of solar greenhouse as promoter，we constructed
  a hourly geothermal temperature of 10 cm forecast model for 3 days in the future．The results indicated
  that the geothermal temperature inside the solar greenhouse was closely related to the temperature．
  The geothermal temperature of 10 cm inside the greenhouse was highly correlated with the lowest and
  highest temperatures outside the solar greenhouse on that day and the day before；and in the 3 days
  hourly geothermal temperature of 10 cm forecast model，the forecast model RMSE for sunny，overcast
  and cloudy days were 0.7，0.6，0.8 ℃，respectively. The forecast model accuracy for overcast day is
  higher than that for sunny and cloudy days．The forecast model RMSE of 00：00-07：00，08：00-
  17：00 and 18：00-23：00 were 0.6，0.7，0.6 ℃，respectively．And the forecast model accuracy of
  00：00-07：00，18：00-23：00 were higher than that of 08：00-17：00．The forecast model RMSE
  for the next day，the next 2 days and the next 3 days were 0.5，0.6，0.8 ℃，and the forecast accuracy
  was gradually decreased with the prediction time extension.
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  Effect of Foliar Application of Sucrose on Yield and Soluble Sugar Content of
  Flowering Chinese Cabbage

  CHAI Xi-Rong, KANG Yun-Yan, LI Xu-Xia, YANG 　Xian, ZHANG Xue-Lian

  . 2013, 1(20): 61-66.

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  Using flowering Chinese cabbage（Brassica parachinensis Bailey）‘Youqing 60 tian’
  as material，the experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar application of different
  concentrations of sucrose on soluble sugar content and yield of flowering Chinese cabbage．The results
  showed that the contents of total soluble sugar，reducing sugar，fructose，glucose in the stems were
  all higher than in the blades，while the sucrose in the stems were lower than in the blades．Treatment
  of appropriate concentrations of sucrose could significantly increase the contents of soluble sugar in
  flowering Chinese cabbage，but high concentration treatment would inhibit the accumulation of soluble
  sugar．Foliar application of 50 mg·L^-1 sucrose could remarkably increase the contents of total soluble
  sugar，reducing sugar，sucrose，fructose and glucose．Different concentration of sucrose treatment
  had little influence on the single plant yield.
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  Studies on Irrigation and Fertilization Technology after Sowing of Cucumber
  Plug Seedlings

  ZHANG Zhi-Gang, SHANG Qing-Mao

  . 2013, 1(20): 67-70.

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  Taking cucumber（Cucumis sativas L.）‘Zhongnong 203’as experimental material，
  we studied the effects of different types，concentrations and frequencies of fertilization after sowing on
  growth and strong seedling formation．Through testing cucumber seedling stem diameter，whole plant
  dry weight，chlorophyll content and root activity，a better treatment for irrigation and fertilization
  after sowing for cucumber plug seedlings was screened that 12-2-14，20-10-20 fertilizers were used
  alternatively with 100 mg·kg^-1 N from cotyledon to the first true leaf flatting；12-2-14，20-20-
  20 fertilizers were used alternatively with 200 mg·kg^-1 N from the first true leaf to the second true
  leaf flatting．The frequency of fertilization was once fertilizer every twice water．Seedling index，
  chlorophyll content and root activity were all increased，which was higher than that of the other
  treatments by 6.13%-15.44%，3.75%-16.41%，5.85%-14.85%, respectiv ely.
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  Species of Nematode in Onion Rhizosphere Soil and Their Population Density
  Dynamic Variation Rule in Jiayuguan City

  QI Yong-Hong, QIN Yi-Tong, MENG 　Li, CAO Su-Fang, YANG Fa-Rong, LI Min-Quan

  . 2013, 1(20): 71-76.

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  Species of nematodes in onion（Allium cepae）rhizosphere and its population density
  dynamics were studied in Jiayuguan city of Gansu Province．The results showed that 2 catalogues，4
  families and 5 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes and 3 catalogues，5 families and 12 genera of nonplant
  parasitic nematodes were seperated．The number of various kinds of nematodes was the least
  at onion pre-transplant time，while its number at onion enlargement period reached the peak．The
  dominant species of plant-parasitic nematodes in this region was Aphelenchus avenae，while the nonplant
  nematode was Mesorhabditis spp．During various onion growing period，the population density
  of non-plant-parasitic nematodes in onion rhizosphere in Jiayuguan city was higher than that of plantparasitic
  ones．Wasilewska index value was 8.09，indicating the health index of onion planted soil in
  Jiayuguan city was higher，and the soil health condition was fine.
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  Identification of Physiological Race of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Yunnan
  and Tibet

  LIU 　Feng, ZHANG Li-Hui, JI Guang-Hai

  . 2013, 1(20): 77-81.

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  We used 4 differential species of Williams A system to identify the main physiological
  races of pathogens from 42 samples in Yunnan Province and 13 samples from Tibet Autonomous Region
  suffered from Cruciferous vegetables clubroot．The results showed that 9 physiological races were
  identified from Yunnan samples．They were NO.1，NO.2，NO.4，NO.6，NO.7，NO.10，NO.11，
  NO.12 and NO.13．Four physiological races were identified from Tibet samples. They were NO.2，
  NO.4，NO.5 and NO.7，among which NO.4 was advantages physiological race in these 2 areas，taking
  61.9% and 53.8% of the samples, respectively.
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  Identification of Watermelon Resistance to Aphis gossypii Glover

  XU Xue-Lian, ZHANG Yin-Dong, FU Yue-Guan, LU Fu-Ping, LU 　Hui, CHEN 　Qing

  . 2013, 1(20): 82-86.

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  In order to obtain aphid-resistant watermelon〔Citrullus lanatus（Thunb.）
  Matsum. et Nakai〕varieties，we adopted the methods of aphid number ratio and the aphid index
  under lab and field conditions to identify aphid resistance．The results showed that varieties with
  high resistance to aphid were‘ Heipi’and‘Lyumeiren’．Varieties with resistance to aphid
  were‘ Heimeiren’ and‘ Huilan’．Varieties with high susceptible to aphid were‘ Tianmeiren’
  and‘Hualyu’．
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  A New Hot Pepper F₁ Hybrid —‘Guota 102’

  CHEN 　Bin, ZHANG Xiao-Fen, GENG San-Sheng

  . 2013, 1(20): 87-89.

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  ‘Guota 102’ is a new hot pepper F₁ hybrid developed by crossing inbred GMS male
  sterility line AB05-111 as female parent and 05-113 as male parent. It is of mid-early maturity．The
  commodity fruit is of goat-horn shape with smooth skin．The green mature fruit is green and matured one
  is bright red．The fruit is about 14.0 cm in length，2.1 cm in diameter，and 0.2 cm in flesh thickness．
  The single fresh fruit weight is 20-25 g，and dehydrated fruit weight is 3.2-4.0 g．It is resistant to TMV，
  and middle resistant to CMV．It can yield about 45 t·hm^-2 of fresh red fruit，and its dehydrated pepper
  yield is 6 t·hm^-2．It is suitable for cultivation in open fields in northwest，nor theast and north China.
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  A New Netted Melon F₁ Hybrid —‘Zhenmi No.5’

  WEI 　Fang, XU Xiao-Li, WANG 　Bo, SHI Xuan-Jie, TIAN Bao-Ming, WANG Shi-Jie

  . 2013, 1(20): 90-92.

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  ‘Zhenmi No.5’ is a new netted melon F₁ hybrid．The fruit development period is about
  45 days．The fruit is obround in shape with grey green peel covered with fine white net，and orange
  red flesh．The soluble solid content is about 17%．The single fruit weight is 1.5-2.2 kg．The fruit
  tastes sweet and crispy．It has all flavors of Hami melon: crisp，fragrant and sweet．It yields about 60
  t·hm^-2．It is suitable for growing in protected and open fields in cen tral and eastern China，and coastal
  regions．
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  A New Early Spring White Radish F₁ Hybrid —‘Weiluobo No.4’

  HAN Tai-Li, XU Li-Gong, YANG Xiao-Dong, TAN Jin-Xia, SONG Yin-Xing, CHEN 　Xia, ZHANG 　Lin

  . 2013, 1(20): 93-95.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Weiluobo No.4’ is an early spring white radish F₁ hybrid bred by crossing male sterile
  line VMS08-162 as female parent and self-incompatible line of late bloting white radish VL03-163 as
  male parent．Its height is about 50 cm．Its pinnate leaf cluster is semi-uprush．The leaf color is deep
  green and the number of leaf blades per plant is 14-16．Its fleshy root is columnar in shape，32-36 cm
  in length and 6-8 cm in diameter．Underground portion of fleshy root is about 40%．The fleshy root has
  smooth rind，tiny tail head，with less fibrous，white flesh and white peel，with tender，crisp taste and
  good flavor．The single fleshy root weight is about 1 kg，and the root/leaf ratio is 3．Its growth period
  is about 60 days. The planting density in 667 m² is about 4 000 plants，and the average yield is 90-105
  t·hm^-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in spring in white radish grow ing areas all over the country.
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  A New Waxy Maize Variety —‘Luyunuo 626’

  YANG Yue-Hua, KONG Liang-Liang, LIU Jun-Feng, YANG 　You, DONG Shao-Lun

  . 2013, 1(20): 96-98.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  The waxy maize hybrid‘ Luyunuo 626’ was developed by crossing YH03-01 as female
  parent and YH07-626 as male parent. This variety is of earlier maturity．It grows vigorously in seedling
  stage．Its leaf sheath is purple in color and leaf is green. Its plant type is semi compact．There are
  20-21 leaves in the whole plant. The leaf blade is middle in width. The plant height is 271.4 cm．
  The ear height is 112.2 cm．The pollen quantity in tassel is large. The anther is light purple in color．
  The cluster is of canister shape．The ear is 19.66 cm in length and 4.92 cm in width. There are 13.8
  lines in one ear and each line has 34.8 kernels. The spike-stalk and kernel are white in color．The
  thousand grain weight is 352 g．The rate of seed is 70.37%．It ca n yield over 15 t·hm ^-2.