01 February 2014, Volume 1 Issue 2

    

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  Research Progress on Pathogenesis of Vegetable Root-knot Nematode and Its Prevention and Control Technology

  WANG Yan-Yan, WEI 　Min-1, YANG Feng-Juan, LI 　Yan, SHI Qing-Hua, WANG Xiu-Feng

  . 2014, 1(2): 9.

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  Abstract：The root-knot nematode has seriously damaged the yield，growth and quality of vegetable products．It is one of the major important pathogens restricting high production and quality of vegetables．This paper summarized the progress made in studying the pathogenic mechanism of root knot nematode，the resistant mechanism of vegetable to root-knot nematode，the environmental factors affecting nematode infection，and the technology preventing and controlling vegetable root-knot nematode．It also prospected the future research orientation．
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  Analysis of Soil EC Value Dynamic and Salt Sensitivity for Facility Fruity
  Vegetable

  LI Yu-Hong, CHEN 　Qing

  . 2014, 1(2): 15.

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  Abstract：The electrical conductivity（EC）of different extracts（saturated extract and 1∶5 of soil and water ratio extract）were tested，and the relationship between EC_e andEC_1:5  was established in this study．Therefore，the soil standardized classification ofEC_1:5 was also established．Besides，the study evaluated the soil salinity dynamic of overwinter and spring facility vegetables under conventional management．The results indicated that the soil EC_e and EC_1:5 of facility vegetable fields showed significant and positive correlated linear relationship．Under the soil conditions at Beijing suburbs the reduction formula was EC_1:5  =0.105 EC_e．The critical value of soil EC_1:5  at salt tolerant root layer for sensitive fruity vegetables（eggplant and pepper）
  during seedling stage and the whole growing period were 0.10 dS·m ^-1 and 0.30 dS·m ^-1，respectively．And the adjustable value was between 0.30dS·m ^-1and 0.50 dS·m ^-1．For non-sensitive vegetables（tomato and cucumber）the critical value of soil EC_1:5  at salt tolerant root layer during seedling stage and the whole growing period were 0.30 dS·m ^-1 and 0.60dS·m ^-1，respectively．And the adjustable value was between 0.60dS·m ^-1 and 0.90dS·m ^-1．The average soil EC_1:5  value in solar greenhouse from planting to next March in over-winter season was stable between 0.30-0.34 dS·m ^-1，and then declined gradually till July to 0.15 dS·m ^-1．In the plastic shed for spring season，the soil EC at root layer declined after planting，and it was 0.29-0.30 dS·m ^-1 before April．It dropped to 0.20 dS·m ^-1 till July．According to vegetable salt tolerance index，we found that under traditional management condition，the verwinter vegetables in solar greenhouse and spring vegetables in plastic shed were easily suffered from soil salt damage．For overwinter sensitive vegetables uring the Period from seedling to next March，the soil salinity was inclined to exceed its critical value of salt tolerance．Reasonable adjustment between water and fertilizer was needed so as to control the salt damage．
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  Selective Breeding of Heading Mustard and Long Petiole Mustard Ogu CMS
  Lines

  ZHANG Shi-Fan, ZHANG Shu-Jiang, LI 　Fei, ZHANG 　Hui, GAO Fu-Xin, SUN Ri-Fei, NIU Xin-Ke

  . 2014, 1(2): 20.

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  Heading mustard〔Brassica juncea（L.）Czern．et Coss．var．capitata Hort ex Li〕and long petiole mustard〔Brassica juncea（L.）Czern．et Coss．var．longepetiolata Yang et Chen〕were taken as material，the sterile cytoplasma was transferred from Ogu CMS in Chinese cabbage to heading mustard and long petiole mustard．Those CMS lines showed normal plant organ and flower growth，and expressed 100% male sterility and stable fertility．The F1 hybrids obtained from CMS lines performed an obvious high heterosis and good seed yield.
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  Evaluation of Seedling Stage Salt-tolerance Indexes of Tomato Variety and Rootstock and Screening of Salt-tolerant Varieties

  WANG 　Yi, MEN Li-Zhi, CAO Yun-E, HUANG 　Jian, GAO Li-Hong, TIAN Yong-Qiang, CHEN Qing-Yun

  . 2014, 1(2): 24.

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  In order to screen salt-tolerant tomato（ Lycopersicon esculentum Mill．） and rootstock varieties，to determine the salt concentration adaptable by tomato seedlings，and to identify the intensity and the reliable salt-tolerance indexes of tomato seedlings，this study investigated the salt-tolerance of 19 tomato cultivars and 3 rootstock varieties at the seedling stage，tested and analyzed the relevant index．The result showed that the‘Jiaxina’（Netherland varieties，cherry tomato，red in color） and‘Guilijuefen’（Gansu varieties，large fruit，pink in color） were salt-tolerant cultivars，while‘ Fanqiezhenmu 406’（Shandong varieties，large fruit，red in color） was salt-tolerant tomato rootstock cultivar．Under 2-days interval irrigation condition，the intensity of salt concentration adaptable by tomato seedlings 4 g·L^-1 and 8 g·L^-1．The reliable identification indexes of salt-tolerance were plant dry mass，shoot dry mass，root dry mass，plant height，stem diameter，fuctional leaves and seedling index．However，the root shoot ratio could not an identification index of tomato salt-tolerance．
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  Effects of Soaking Seeds with Chlorocholine Chloride on Cucumber Seedling Hypocotyl Stretch and Submicroscopic Structure of Its Cortical Cell

  GAO Xiao-Xu, DUAN 　Ying, ZHANG Zhi-Gang-　, DONG Chun-Juan-　, SHANG Qing-Mao

  . 2014, 1(2): 31.

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  In order to investigate the effect of chlorocholine chloride（ CCC） on cucumber seedling hypocotyl strench，seeds of cucumber（Cucumis sativus L．）variety‘Zhongnong 203’were soaked with 3 000 mg·L^-1 CCC to test the morphological index of cucumber seedling hypocotyl growth．And transmission electron microscope was adopted to observe the changes in the submicroscopic structure of its hypocotyl cortical cell．The results showed that the length of hypocotyl was reduced and dry matter accumulation was promoted by CCC treatment．Compared with the contrast，cell wall of cucumber seedling hypocotyl cortical cell was obviously thickened，the number of vacuoles was increased，and the volume became smaller．The chloroplast morphology and structure were altered．The grana content and number of starch bodies were increased．
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  Screening and Utilization of Microbiological Preparation to Promote Cucumber Growth and Resistance

  AN Ya-Hong-　, ZHOU 　Hang, 　Li-　Jing , 　Ning-Da-Zhi , 　Zhang-　Yu , 　Guo-Shi-Rong

  . 2014, 1(2): 36.

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  A matrix cultivation was conducted to study the effects of 7 different species and concentrations of microbiological preparation on biomass，chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of‘Jinyan No.4’cucumber（Cucumis sativus L．）．Biomass with remarkable growth promoting effect was screened out and their resistance to cucumber Fusarium wilt was tested．The result indicated that treatments with Ba（ bio-organic fertilizer） and Y（Chuang Bo microbial agents） performed better，and the best processing concentration for Chuang Bo is adding 10 mL diluted 600 times，and for Ba is adding 30 g per nursery substrate of one plug（4 L）．The plant resistance with Chuang Bo and Ba is higher than that of the control．The relative anti-effect is 14.5% and 27.4%，respectively．Under the condition of protected cultivation，for promoting cucumber growth and resistance to Fusarium wilt，we would suggest to use bio-organic fertilizer and add 30 g Bio per nursery substrate of one plug（4 L）
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  Effect of Plasmodiophora brassicae Infection on IAA and ZT Contents in Mustard
  Root

  HUANG 　Yun-　, XU 　Li-　, XIAO Chong-Gang-　, LIU Cui-Ping-　, CHEN Guo-Kang

  . 2014, 1(2): 41.

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  Abstract：of Plasmodiophora brassicae infection on IAA and ZT contents were measured by HPLC．The result indicated that the IAA and ZT contents increased obviously after Plasmodiophora brassicae infection．The ZT contents showed the changing tendency of first rising then falling．Between 45-60 days，it was much higher than that in the healthy plant，and reached its peak about 3 times in the healthy plant at day 50．The IAA content started to rise after 55 days and reached its peak about 4 times in the healthy plant by day 70．And 85 days after infection，both IAA and ZT contents all reduced to the same level as the healthy plant.
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  A New Autumn Cabbage F₁ Hybrid—‘DaGuang’

  ZHANG Bao-Cai-　, HUA Juan-Li-　, ZHANG Yan-An

  . 2014, 1(2): 45.

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  ‘Daguang’ is a new autumn cabbage F1 hybrid developed by crossing self-incompatible line 98-19 as female parent and self-compatible line 99-36 as male parent．It is an early-maturing variety．It takes about 72 days from field planting to harvest．The plant grows vigorously．Its expansion degree is 49-52 cm．It has 12-14 outer leave blades，and the leaf is greyish green in color．There is a lot of wax powder on the leaf surface．The leafy head is oblate，green and compact．The compactness degree is 0.62.The leafy head is 19.8 cm in transverse diameter，11.3 cm in height．The central core is 5.9 cm in length．The single leafy head weights 1.5 kg．It has crisp texture and slightly sweet taste．It is tolerant to head splitting，and resistant
  to TuMV（Turnip mosaic virus）and black rot．Its average yield is about 67.5 t·hm^-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in autumn open fields at north，central，and southwest part of China．
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  A New Tomato F₁ Hybrid—‘Xiangfen No.1’

  ZHOU Huo-Qiang, LIANG Cheng-Liang, WANG Ri-Yong, ZHANG Zhan-Hong, TAN Fang-Jun, MI Bao-Bin

  . 2014, 1(2): 48.

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  ‘Xiangfen No.1’ is a new F1 hybrid which is developed by crossing F06-13 as female parent and 05-24-3 as male parent．This variety is of early maturity and unlimited growth type．Its fruit is of high round shape with pink color，6.6 cm in length and 7.7 cm in diameter．It has good commodification，storage tolerance and better taste．The contents of soluble solid，total sugar，VC and organic acid are 6.2%，3.15%，297.0 mg·kg^-1 （FW）and 0.39%，respectively．The average single fruit weight is about 300 g and the yield is around 60 t·hm2．It is highly resistant to TMV and late blight，resistant to bacterial wilt．It is suitable for protected and open fields cultivations in early spring and after autumn．
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  A New Purple Potato Variety—‘Guicaishu No.1’

  DENG Ying-Yi, XIONG 　Jun, TANG Xiu-Hua, ZHENG 　Xu, WEI Min-Zheng, CHEN Ming-Cai, QIN Wei-Zhi

  . 2014, 1(2): 51.

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  ‘Guicaishu No.1’ was developed from a cross between Hokkaido line 571 as female parent and Hokkaido line 568 as male parent．This variety is of early-middle maturity．Its total growing period was about 85-95 days．Its tuber is oblong with medium size，purple peel，purple flesh and few shallow eyes．The single tuber weight is about 100 g．The average yield is about 15-22.5 t·hm2，and the highest yield can reach up to 30 ·hm²．The starch content in its tuber is 9.07%，the crude protein content is 2.45%，the reducing sugar content 0.67%，and the contents of VC and anthocyanin are 137.0 mg·kg^-1（FW）and 1 786.0 mg·kg^-1（FW），respectively．It is suitable to be cultivated in autumn and winter in Guangxi，Guangdong，Fujian，Yunnan，and Hunan Provinces．
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  A New Starch Processing Type Potato Variety —‘Dongnong 308’

  SHI 　Ying, ZHANG Li-Li, WEI Qiao-Rong, QIN 　Xin

  . 2014, 1(2): 54.

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  ‘Dongnong 308’ is a new starch processing type potato variety．It is of mid-late maturity. From sprouting to harvest，it takes about 98 days．Its tuber is round with yellow peel，yellowish flesh and medium shallow eyes．The average content of dry matter，starch，crude protein，reducing sugar and VC is 26.8%，17.2%，2.23%，0.26% and 132 mg·kg-1，respectively．It is medium resistant to PVX，resistant to PVY and late blight．Slight late blight  0ccurs from time to time in the fields．It is suitable to be planted in Heilongjiang，Jilin Provinces and Hulunbeir City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.