01 August 2015, Volume 1 Issue 8

    

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  Genetic Background Screen of Inter-specific Hybrids between SSR Marker Assisted Chinese Kale and Rapeseed

  YU Hai-Long, FANG Zhi-Yuan, YANG Li-Mei, LIU Yu-Mei, ZHUANG Mu, LI Zhan-Sheng, 吕Hong-Hao , ZHANG Yang-Yong

  . 2015, 1(8): 14-21.

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  To screen the genetic background and increase the back-cross breeding efficiency of the interspecific hybrids and their back-cross offsprings between Chinese kale（Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra，CC，2n=2x=18） and rapeseed（Brassica napus，AACC），the F₁ inter-specific hybrids and their BC₁ backcross offsprings between Ogu-CMS Chinese kale and rapaseed were obtained through hand pollination combined with embryo rescue technology. A total of 220 SSR primers were used to detect polymorphisms between the parents，in which 51 pairs of SSR primers showed polymorphism. 33 pairs of primers were selected to analyze the genetic background of 3 F₁ plants and 35 BC₁ plants，with even distribution on 9 chromosomes and stable amplifications．The results of analysis by software NTSYSpc2.11a showed that the similarity coefficients between F1 plants and rapeseed was 0.74，which indicated that the genetic background of F₁ plants was closer to rapeseed than to Chinese kale，while the similarity coefficients between BC₁ plants and Chinese kale varied from 0.26-0.65，with big genetic background differences among BC₁ plants．In all 35 BC₁ plants，the genetic background of individual 14Y1 was the closest to Chinese kale，which was further confirmed by morphological observation．Thus，the individual 14Y1 could be used as donor plant for further backcross.
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  Studies on Tomato Variety Identification Technology Using SSR Marker

  ZHAO Hai-Yan, WU Ming-Sheng, SONG Ge, NIU Qian, TIAN Hui-Fang

  . 2015, 1(8): 22-27.

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  Taking 16 tomato hybrid varieties as material，20 pairs of primer suited for tomato variety identification were screened from 200 pairs of SSR primer，and 66 tomato varieties were analyzed. 52 allelic gene variations were identified among these varieties. The allelic gene variation was in the range of 2-5，with an average of 2.6 allelic gene variation each locus. The cultivar identification ability of primer combination was analyzed by genetic clustering method. The results showed that the 66 tomato varieties could be efficiently identified by only 9 pairs of SSR primer. The SSR-DNA fingerprinting constructed with these 9 pairs of primer combination could be used as genetic tag for variety authenticity identification.
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  Screening and Bio-control Effect Assessment of Trichoderma Strains against 3 Soilborn Vegetable Pathogens

  ZHU Ping-Ping, LING Jian, XI Ya-Dong, CHEN Guo-Hua, MAO Zhen-Chuan, YANG Yu-Hong, XIE Bing-Yan

  . 2015, 1(8): 28-33.

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  This paper had screened the bio-control resources of 18 Trichoderma species，including 175 strains，against 3 kinds of soil-born vegetable pathogens as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumebrium Owen，Phytophthora capsici and Ralstonia solanacearum through confront culture experiments and green house potted plant experiments. The results indicated that through confront culture experiments，we have screened out 50 Trichoderma strains with inhibitation rate as 70.0%-86.3% against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cucumebrium Owen，and 43 Trichoderma strains with inhibitation rate as 70.4%-88.7% against Phytophthora capsici．And the potted plant experiments have screened out 32 Trichoderma strains with bio-control efficacy of 50.0%-92.7% against Ralstonia solanacearum．We further assessed the bio-control efficacy of 13 Trichoderma strains with antagonistic inhibitation rate higher than75% by potted plant experiment，and found 2 Trichoderma strains T52（Trichoderma atroviride） and 32080（Trichoderma pleurotum） with high bio-control efficacy over 60%．
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  Studies on Low Temperature Tolerance of Different Pepper Varieties in Seed Germination Stage

  ZHU Chen-Xi, MA Yan-Qing, YANG Bo-Zhi, ZHANG Zhu-Qing

  . 2015, 1(8): 34-38.

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  In order to establish the identification indexes and temperature conditions of pepper（Capsicum annuum L. ）chilling tolerance during seed germination stage，and to discuss the influence of low temperature on germination of different types of pepper varieties，this experiment took different pepper varieties as material，determined their germination percentage，germination potential，germination index and the relative value of these indicators under different temperature conditions. The results illustrated that relative germination index under 18 ℃，and relative germination percentage under 14 ℃ could be used as identification indexes for low temperature tolerance of pepper in seed germination；18 ℃ could be used as pressure condition to screen chilling tolerant varieties. The results also indicated that the seed of early-maturing varieties had better low temperature tolerance than that of medium maturing and medium late maturing varieties； the seeds of var. acuminatum Fingern had better low temperature tolerance；and the low temperature tolerance of var. grossum sent pepper seed was the weakest.
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  Effects of Bagging on Color and Brightness of Oriental Melon Peel

  CHEN He-Nan, SONG Ting-Yu, ZHANG Xiao-Ming, WU Chun-Yan, CHENG Yan

  . 2015, 1(8): 39-42.

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  The value of L、a and b of oriental melon peel were determined by CR-400 colorimeter and the effects of bagging on color and brightness of oriental melon peel by different bag material were studied in this paper．The results showed that in different fruit development periods，bagging had improved the brightness，green and yellow degree of‘ Lyukui’ peel．Bags made of different material had improved the chromatism index of‘ Lyukui’peel．Among them，Kraft paper bag had the best effect on improving the color and brightness of‘ Lyukui’ peel．Bagging had increased the brightness，green and yellow degree of the following 3 varieties fruit peel：‘Lyukui’，‘Chaotianbaijin’ and‘ Feiyue’，but decreased the brightness and color of‘ Balipiaoxiang’ peel．
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  Effects of Different Anti-seepage Load-carrying Model on Growth and Yield of Sandy Soil Cultured Pepper Plant

  ZHAO Yun-Xia, CUI Jing-Ying, XIE Hua, PEI Hong-Xia

  . 2015, 1(8): 43-45.

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  Taking‘ Teluomu’ pepper as material，this paper studied the effects of 5 anti-seepage loadcarrying models on the growth and yield of pepper， and the cost of these different 5 anti-seepage load-carrying models. The results showed that anti-seepage load-carrying models had remarkable effects on plant height，stem diameter， dry matter weight， root activity and pepper yield. The yield increased by geotextile line groove processing， ordinary porous brick groove processing， plastic film line groove processing and concrete slab production slots were 17.6%， 15.1%， 8.7%， and 7.4% higher than the CK， respectively. But the yield by concrete slab production slots was reduced 19.5% than the CK. Through comparing the yield of pepper cultured in sandy soil and production cost of 5 anti-seepage load-carrying models， geotextile line groove processing， plastic film line groove processing and ordinary porous brick groove processing were suitable to be extended and applied in greenhouse cultivation in sandy soil， for their low production costs and remarkable yield increasing effects.
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  Screening Effective Pesticides to Control Bemisia tabaci

  SUN Hai, ZHENG Xiang, WANG Xiao-Qing, LI Yun-Long, HU Bin, WANG Yin, ZHENG Jian-Qiu

  . 2015, 1(8): 46-49.

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  5 kinds of new or mixed pesticides〔20% allyl isothiocyanate EW（AITC），99% petroleum oil EC，mixture of 22.4% spirotetramat SC and 20% nitenpyram WG，mixture of 240 g·L^-1 spirodiclofen SC and 20% nitenpyram WG，Bemisia tabaci No.1〕were applied in fields to carry out pesticide effect and phytotoxicity experiments，and to evaluate the fast-acting property，durable effect and security of pesticides control effect．The results indicated that all these 5 pesticides had no injury at the recommended dose．The mixture of 22.4% spirotetramat SC and 20% nitenpyram WG showed better effect on controlling Bemisia tabaci，its durable effect was obvious compared with the contrast 20% nitenpyram，the control efficacy reached 65.6% 3 days after
  spraying，then to 84.5% 20 days after spraying．This mixed pesticide could be used to control Bemisia tabaci．3 days after taking 99% petroleum oil EC，the control efficacy on Bemisia tabaci reached 53.0%，so it possessed a great potential in controlling Bemisia tabaci in organic and green agriculture production．20% AITC had fast acting effect on Bemisia tabaci，its control efficacy could reach 70.9% 3ays after spraying，but its durable effect was not ideal．Therefore，when Bemisia tabaci was prevailing，AITC should be rapidly applied and combined with other pesticides，which had long-lasting effect to control Bemisia tabaci ．While Bemisia tabaci No.1 and the mixture of 240 g·L^-1 spirodiclofen SC and 20% nitenpyram WG were not suitable for controlling Bemisia tabaci considering a prevention effect，cost and ease of operation and other factors．
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  Extraction and Antibacterial Activity of Actives Sub

  XIA Ri-Zhao, XIE Yan, YIN Wei, ZHANG Ya, LIAO Xiao-Lan

  . 2015, 1(8): 49-53.

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  Took inhibition ratio of citrus cankor pathogen as investigation target，lixivite dry powder of Amaranthus leaf blades with ethyl acetate and gained Amaranthus tricolor actives．Examined the effect of solidliquid ratio，extraction temperature，and extraction time of Amaranthus tricolor actives by orthogonal experiment．The results indicated that different factors had different degree effects on extraction efficiency．Three extraction parameters were ranked in descending order of their effect on extraction of Amaranthus tricolor actives as follows solid-liquid ratio ＞ extraction temperature ＞ extraction time．Their optimal levels were 1∶5，30 ℃，24 h，respectively．Under these conditions，the inhibition rate was 73.81%．Ultraviolet radiation，C source（sucrose）and inorganic ion（NaCl） stress had little effects on Amaranthus tricolor actives stability．It posses certain heat tolerance，its inhibition rate was still up to 49.41%，when the temperature was 80 ℃．
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  A New Cucumber F₁ Hybrid— ‘Zhongnong No. 32’

  ZHANG Sheng-Ping, GU Xing-Fang, WANG Ye, MIAO Han

  . 2015, 1(8): 54-56.

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  ‘Zhongnong No.32’ is a newly bred cucumber F₁ hybrid using inbred line 10889 as maternal parent and 1166 as paternal parent. It grows vigorously with high tolerance to low temperature and weak light.Its fruit is about 35 cm in length and 3.4 cm in diameter with short neck and dark green peel. The fruit has small chamber with light green flesh. There are many white spines and small tuberculates on the fruit peel. It is multiresistant to WMV，ZYMV，PRSV and medium-resistant to CMV，downy mildew，Fusarium wilt and scab. It is early-maturing. It can sustainably bear fruit，and has obvious high yielding potential. Its yield is 150 t·hm^-2 in greenhouse cultivation in winter. It is suitable for solar greenhouse cultivation.
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  A New Tomato F₁ Hybrid—‘Hongrui No.1’

  CHEN Xiao-Jun, WU Duo-Zhi, YANG Guo-Shuai

  . 2015, 1(8): 56-58.

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  ‘Hongrui No.1’ is a new tomato F₁ Hybrid developed by crossing RZHT257 as female parent and RZHT006 as male parent. This variety is of unlimited growth type. It is of early maturity. It has strong growth vigor. Its leaf is green in color and big in size. The space between inflorescence is 2-3 leaf blades. Its fruit is of round shape. The matured fruit is red in color with hard pulp and has no green shoulder. It has multiple ventricular and good commercial characteristics. The average single fruit weight is 182.7 g. Its shelf life is 8-10 days. The soluble solid content is 5.7%. Its resistance to powdery mildew，leaf mold and early blight is stronger than that of the contrast‘ Zhongshu No. 4’. It is suitable for open and protected field cultivation in Gansu，Shandong，Hebei Provinces. Its average yield is 85.9 t·hm^-2.
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  A New Sweet Pepper F₁ Hybird—‘Longjiao No. 13’

  ZHANG Hui, XU Jian, HE Wei, LI Yue-Fei, CHEN Li-Xin, LIN Bao-Xiang

  . 2015, 1(8): 59-61.

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  ‘Longjiao No.13’ is a new sweet pepper F₁ hybrid developed by crossing T8 as female parent and C9 as male parent. Female parent T8 and male parent C9 are stable inbred lines，gained via repeated backcross and selfing of resistant materials with stable inbred lines isolated from Japanese sweet pepper cultivar and French sweet pepper F₁ hybrid，respectively．It is of mid and early maturity．Its plant has strong growth vigor. Its fruit is of square shape with smooth peel. The single fruit weight is over 116.1 g. Its crude fruit is green in color and the ripe fruit is red in color. It has thick flesh. It is resistant to CMV， blight， anthracnose and these stress resistances are strong. It can yield about 75 t·hm^-2 and is suitable for planting in protected and open fields everywhere in Heilongjiang Province．
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  A New Leaf-edible Mustard F₁ Hybrid— ‘Yongxue No.3’

  REN Xi-Liang, WANG Yu-Hong, MENG Qiu-Feng, YANG Ming-Gui, HUANG Yun-Ping

  . 2015, 1(8): 62-63.

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  ‘Yongxue No.3’ is a new leaf-edible mustard hybrid developed by crossing male sterile line‘ 07-50A’ as female parent and inbred line‘ 07-2-10-1-13-4-1’ as male parent. Its growth period is 105 days from sowing to harvest. The plant is of semi-erect type，with strong growth vigor. Its leaf is light-green in color，with double serrate. The leaf blade is margin incised，glossy and no wax on the surface. The average effective tiller number is 25. The single plant weight is 1.5 kg. Its yield is about 90 t·hm^-2. It is resistant to virus disease.Its bolting tolerance is medium. It has good processing quality. It is suitable to be planted in the Yangtze River Valley in autumn and winter.