ISSN 1000-6346
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
BC1P2 and F2 generations were constructed by crossing a melon inbred line‘ MR-1’ highly resistant to powdery mildew（Podosphaera xanthii）as female parent，and a melon inbred line‘ Top Mark’ highly susceptible to powdery mildew as male parent. The race of P. xanthii was identified as race 1 according to the infecting action of 13 international differential hosts for melon powdery mildew，and the resistance to powdery mildew was controlled by a single dominant gene based on the population genetic analysis of BC1P2 and F2. Through evaluating the resistance in 266 individuals of F2，the genotype analysis using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences（CAPS），and quantitative trait loci（QTL）analysis using composite interval mapping method
（CIM）for locating the locus resistant to powdery mildew，a genetic linkage map of melon contained 203 CAPS was constructed. One QTL named PXR was detected on chromosome 12 between the 2 CAPS markers，M12-GH and M12-TE，which were tightly linked to the gene resistant to powdery mildew with the genetic distances of 0.63 cM and 0.42 cM，respectively. Sixty putative genes were located in the region with the length of 303 kb between the 2 flanking markers. Ten of them with non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism（nsSNP） were further identified as candidate genes resistant to powdery mildew in melon. The results suggested that 4 genes （MELO3C002434，MELO3C002437，MELO3C002441，and MELO3C002457）showed bigger differences in expression of disease resistance and susceptible might be the candidate genes resistant to powdery mildew in melon.
In this study，32 germplasm resources of rootstock-used Lagenaria siceraria collected from
China and Japan were selfed，crossed，and their resistance heterosis was analyzed．Through comparison，this
paper studied on the seedling character of rootstock-used Lagenaria siceraria germplasm resources and their
graft compatibility with watermelon，and the effects of different stock on the growth and fruit characters，so as to
evaluate the grafting applicability of rootstock-used Lagenaria siceraria．The result showed that H04，H10，
H12 and H13 were highly resistant to watermelon Fusarium wilt（Fusarium oxysporum f．sp．niveum）．Their
F1 expressed heterosis on resistance，and had good graft compatibility and symbiotic compatibility with watermelon
scion．The single fruit weight of the grafted watermelon was increased，and the fruit quality remained unchanged．
The general performance of disease resistance and grafting applicability was excellent．They could be great
resources for watermelon stock breeding．H05 and H04 could be used as backbone parent of cross breeding to
resist Fusarium wilt，and H04 was suitable for being male parent．
Under solar greenhouse cultivation condition，this paper took cucumber cultivar‘ Jinlyu
No.30’ as test material and studied on the effects of air cleaning equipment on pathogen community，harmful
gas and cucumber growth．The results showed that air cleaning equipment has significant scavenging effects
on harmful gas and pathogen．Compared with the contrast group without using air cleaning equipment，the
used one could promote the photosynthesis of cucumber，reduce indexes of diseases，effectively prevent the
propagation of cucumber downy mildew，powdery mildew，anthracnose wilt，Fusarium wilt，venturia disease
and Mycosphaerella melonis，remarkably reduce the peroxidase activities of SOD，POD，CAT and the content
of MDA in cucumber，and significantly increase single fruit weight and yield of cucumber．Besides，air cleaning
equipment could help to reduce labor intensity，improve the level of mechanization and automation of facility
environment．
Artificial aided pollination is an important step in greenhouse tomato（Solanum lycopersicum
L.）cultivation．In this study，effects of 3 pollination methods by bumblebee，vibration and plant hormone dip
on yield，quality and benefit of tomato in solar greenhouse were compared and analyzed．The results showed that
bumblebee pollination could significantly improve the tomato fruiting rate，single fruit weight，single plant yield，
soluble solid content and soluble total sugar content，and significantly reduce the abnormal fruit rate than that of
the vibration pollination and plant hormone dip pollination．Besides，manual input of bumblebee pollination was
fewer than the other 2 methods，so it was the optimal method for greenhouse tomato pollination．
In order to improve fruit set rate and reduce abnormal fruit rate of bell pepper，this paper took bell
pepper（Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum）cultivar‘ Shijihong’ as testing material，and studied on the effects
of 3 kinds of formulas on the yield，numbers of fruit set and commodity fruit rate of bell pepper. The application
effects of the optimum formula on pod pepper，linear hot pepper，and ox horn pepper were compared under low
temperature and weak illumination，suboptimal temperature and weak illumination，and high temperature. The
result indicated that spraying formula P 2（Solution A：Compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.03 g·mL-1，Solution
B：Gibberellin 0.10 g·mL-1，2，4-D sodium salt 0.01 g·mL-1，Naphthalene acetic acid sodium salt 0.10
g·mL-1）had the best effect on retention of flower and fruit. The yield per plot of bell pepper and number of fruit
set were all significantly higher than that of the CK，and yet the commodity fruit rate and single fruit weight had no
remarkable differences from the CK. After spraying P2 formula on different types of pepper，the yield per plot of
pepper，numbers of fruit set were significantly increased，and yet there were no significant difference between
the CK and P2 in commodity fruit rate and single fruit weight. Therefore，formula P2 could solve the contradiction
between abnormal fruit rate and fruit set rate of sweet pepper or hot pepper，and had good stability. So formula P2
could be used in different types of pepper under different environmental stress on retention of pepper flower and
fruit.
In order to increas the yield of Zizania latifolia，it is necessary to find a quick method to
distinguish unpregnant plants. Based on comparing the main differences among internal structure of normal swollen
culms，swollen culms with Ustilago esculenta and unpregnant plants of Zizania latifolia，this paper verified the
relationship between the difference of culm internal structure and formation of Zizania latifolia by field experiment.
The results showed that culms with filaments were pregnant，all belonged to normal swollen culms，swollen
culms with Ustilago esculenta；and culms without filaments were not pregnant，all belonged to unpregnant plants
of Zizania latifolia. These results indicated that unpregnant plants will be distinguished by finding if there was
filaments inside of the medullary cavity of culms. This is a new method for quickly and efficiently distinguishing
unpregnant plants of Zizania latifolia.
To identify the virus pathogen inducing tomato（Solanum lycopersicum L.）mosaic and curl
disease at Jinzhong City of Shanxi Province，the technology of double-stranded RNA（dsRNA）and sequenceindependent
amplification（SIA）were used．Results of SIA and sequencing showed that there was Tobacco
mosaic virus（TMV）in affected tomato leaves．Further cloning the whole genome sequence of TMV（TMVSXFQ），
the TMV-SXFQ was gained（GenBank No. JX993906），which was 6 394 bp in length and presented a
typical Tobamovirus genome organization with 4 ORFs．Sequence comparative analysis showed that the homology
of TMV-SXFQ and Tobacco mosaic virus and other isolates was 86.3%-99.6%．Phylogenetic analysis suggested
that TMV-SXFQ isolates had closeer ties consanguinity with IM strain from South Korea and these 2 isolates formed
an independent branch．
This study conducted artificial inoculation identification by international spinach downy mildew
physiological race identification system on 5 field samples of spinach downy mildew pathogen from Beijing，
Shandong and Shanxi．The results indicated that the 3 samples collected from Beijing were race No.9，the one from
Shanxi Province was typed out as race No.5，the one from Shandong Province was typed out as race No.8．These
results showed that there were different physiological races of spinach downy mildew in different regions of China.
Under field conditions，control efficacy of bifenazate 43% SC 20、25、30 g·（667 m2） -1
against Tetranychus urticae Koch was evaluated. The results showed that one application of bifenazate agent at
the initial stage of Tetranychus urticae Koch occurance，the control effect was the best，quick acting and with
persistence. The control rate of Tetranychus urticae Koch was over 85% at the 7th day after using bifenazate 43%
SC 30 g·（667 m2） -1 . All treatments had no harmful effect on strawberry growth and non-target animals.
Looking vegetable industry from the vertical view，wholesale and retail are 2 important links. The
movement of vegetable wholesale and retail prices and their relationship are the focus of all circles concern. This
article takes the Beijing market as example，and the daily wholesale and retail prices of tomato and cucumber as
object，analyzed the transmission relationship between vegetable wholesale and retail prices using the method
of finite distributed lag model and error correction model. The study reveals that these 2 price trend are basically
the same，and the correlation coefficient between the wholesale price and retail price is very high. There is oneway
transmission of causal relationship between these 2 prices；the transmission between them is smooth，but
the transmission time effect of different kinds vegetables is different. The wholesale price takes a leading role in
vegetable price formation. When the vegetables price is under attack，if the retail impact is too high it will go dowm
to the wholesale price；if the wholesale price is too high，the retail price will also be higher.
‘Nong 1305’is a tomato hybrid selected and bred by protected field trial in summer together with
molecular marker method．It is a high temperature tolerant tomato F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line
‘TB123’as female parent and‘ N-136’as male parent．It is of indeterminate growth type with strong growth
vigour．It can normally grow and develop in protected fields in summer．The plant stem is thick and strong with
uniform growth in fields．Its leaves are dark in color and the leaves are fleshy．Its first inflorescence is setting
at the 8th nodes．Its fruit setting ability is strong under high temperature stress．Its fruit is pink in color and of
round shape．The single fruit weight is about 250 g．It has smooth fruit surface and hard fruit．It is tolerant to
storage and transportation．Its pedicle is small and the abnormal fruit rate is very low．Its yield is about 85.5 t·
hm-2．This variety contains Ty-1，Ty-3a genes，which are resistant to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus（TYLCV）
and Sm gene，resistant to gray leaf spot．It is suitable for cultivation in protected fields in northern China in late
spring and summer．
‘Jinkailong’is a watermelon F1 hybrid bred by crossing inbred lines‘ ZGL-25-1’as female
parent and‘ FW23-Ⅲ-4’as male parent．It is of mid-late maturity．Its whole growing period is 105 days，and
the fruit development period is 35 days．Its fruit is of oval shape．The fruit pericarp is light green in color with
dark green zigzag stripes．Its peel is 1.2 cm in thickness．It is tolerant to storage and transportation．Its flesh
is red in color，and the fruit is crispy with sweet flavor and good quality．The central sugar content is 11.9%，
and sugar gradient in brim area is small．The single fruit weight is 4.5-7.5 kg．Its yields in dry land and irrigated
land are about 51.0，67.5 t·hm-2 respectively．In fields its resistance to Fusarium wilt is stronger than that of the
contrast‘ Xinong No.8’．It is suitable for cultivation in Gansu Province and areas with same ecological conditions
in open fields．
‘Fuza No.8’ is a winter tumorous stem mustard F1 hybrid of late maturity and high yield type，
developed by crossing tumorous stem mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line‘ 96145-1A’and‘ 203’with a group
of excellent male bred．The most notable feature of this hybrid is strongly resistant to bolting with flexible sowing
date．It has erect leaves，and is more tolerant to virus disease（TuMV）than the contrast‘ Yonganxiaoye’．
Its tumor stem yield is high with good yielding ability．Generally，its tumor stem yield is 52.5-60.0 t·hm-2．
The highest yield can reach over 67.5 t·hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in 600 m above sea areas in Chongqing
as the second season of tumorous stem mustard，and in Chongqing，Sichuan，Hunan，Yunnan，Guizhou
Provinces，etc． as raw material for processing mustard．
