ISSN 1000-6346
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
Tomato（Solanum lycopersicum L.）resistance to drought is controlled by many microeffect locus and hundreds genes affecting drought morphology and physiological response．It is helpful to expound tomato drought resistance molecule mechanism and develop molecule marker assisted selection for accelerating the process of breeding new tomato varieties with drought resistance．This paper reviewed the research progress made in studying tomato drought resistance molecule mechanism，changes in tomato morphological characteristics under drought condition，and drought resistance breeding．The paper laid emphasis on illustrating the research progress in tomato drought resistant gene engineering，so as to further applying modern biological technology to provide method and thoughts for plant drought resistance gene engineering improvement and molecule marker assisted selection and breeding．
This study was conducted in solar greenhouse where cucumber was cultivated in winter-spring
season．During cotyledon flattened period to the second leaf starting flattened，cucumber seedlings was treated
with supplementary light at different time．During experiment period heat preservation quilt was uncovered from
8：40-16：00 in solar greenhouse．The results showed that compared with the contrast without supplementary
light，supplementary light treatment at T（6：40-9：40），T（13：00-16：00） and T（15：00-18：00）
could significantly increase seedling stem diameter，healthy seedling index，leaf area，contents of chlorophyll，
carotene，soluble sugar，starch，etc．and seedling dry weights of underground，over ground parts and whole
plant．To sum up，the effects of supplementary light by the above 3 treatments are obviously superior than that of
T（8：40-11：40） and the contrast．These 3 treatments are in favor of cultivating healthy seedlings．The effects
of these 3 treatments are basically the same．
Root-knot nematode disease is one of the important tomato soil-borne diseases．Breeding varieties
with root-knot nematode resistance is an effective control method to deal with this disease．But at present，Mi-1
the only gene transferred to tomato culture with resistance to root-knot nematode loses its resistance when the soil
temperature is over 28 ℃．In this study，wild tomato accession LA2157 with heat-stable resistance to root-knot
nematode was used．According to the sequence information of Mi-1，we carried out homologous cloning on Mi-9
gene with heat-stable resistance to root-knot nematode and gained 2 candidate gene segments from LA2157．The
candidate gene was ligated with the overexpression vector pBI121 by In-Fusion cloning technique．Electrophoresis
and sequencing analysis proved that the recombinant vectors of the candidate gene were constructed．
Changyang mountainous area is the main occurrence area for clubroot disease in Hubei
mountainous region. Taking 100 radish germplasm resources as material，this paper carried out clubroot resistance
identification during adult stage，and during seedling stage after artificial inoculation in the fields of Changyang
Hujiaping and Huoshaoping. According to the result of comprehensive resistance identification of adult and seedling
stages，13 resistant germplasm resources containing 8 white radishes（‘Fuyuan No.1’，‘Hualyu No.8’，
‘Chongqingbingtangyuanbai’，‘Chunbulao’，‘Yutangchun’，‘Hanbaiyu’，‘Chunyu’and‘Duanye No.13’），
3 red radishes（‘Hongguan’，‘Nanjinghong’and‘Dahongpao’）and 2 green radishes（‘Guantangqing’and‘Deri
No.2’）were screened out. In addition，155 radish hybrid combinations were identified in Changyang Huoshaoping
clubroot disease nursery and 3 good combinations resistant to clubroot were screened out.
The mother-plant-cutting technology（MPC）applied during chufa tillering stage in fields have
been applied and extended in chufa producing areas in Zhejiang Province. The detailed procedure is when the tiller
number reached 6-7 plants，cut all leafy stems of mother plant above the ground by a sickle digging into 1-5 cm
under the soil surface. The cut debris was moved out from the fields. Compared with the mother-plant uncut plant，
the stem blight rate of mother-plant-cutting plant was reduced by 4.6-7.4 percentage point，and the disease index
（DI）was reduced by 2.2-3.9. The number of inefficient tiller decreased by 2.3-7.5 plant per m2. Besides，the
yield was increased by 15.5%-20.9%，and the number of corm increased by 17.0-25.2 per m2. Mother-plantcutting
technology is a simple and high efficient innovative technology for chufa pathogen reduction and yield
increase.
Taking cucumber‘Biqiu’and tomato‘Zhongza No.9’as experimental materia，this paper
studied the effect of different concentrations of shenqinmycin（10，50，100，125，175 mg·L-1），amino acid
liquid（50，333，833，1 250，2 000 mg·L-1） and mixed liquid with suitable concentration on cucumber and
tomato seed germination and embryo growth．The results showed that the amino acid liquid and shenqinmycin
with suitable concentration could significantly improve the germination potential，germination index，vigor
index of tomato and cucumber seeds， and promote significantly the growth of radicle and hypocotyl．The optimal
concentration for tomato seed germination was 50 mg·L-1 amino acid liquid，10 mg·L-1 shenqinmycin．
The optimal concentration for cucumber seed germination was 333 mg·L-1 amino acid liquid，50 mg·L-1
shenqinmycin．The optimal concentration for tomato and cucumber growth of radicle and hypocotyl were 333
mg·L-1 amino acid liquid and 50 mg·L-1 shenqinmycin．Shenqinmycin has better effect on promoting seed
germination of these 2 vegetable varieties than amino acid liquid．Furthermore，its promoting effect on root
growth of cucumber was superior than that of amino acid liquid．While，amino acid liquid had a better effect on
stimulating tomato root growth．
To optimize the testing methods and grading standards for quantitative characteristics of Okra，this
experiment took 35 Okra varieties as research objective；observed and compared 2 quantitative characteristics，
including plant height and main stem diameter by different measuring methods；and graded 12 quantitative traits
by the least significant difference method. The results indicated that considering the consistency of within one test
area and convenience for operation，natural plant height and diameter of middle main stem should be measured.
Based on the existing material，we classified the depths of crack fluting leaves into 9 grades，and unequal grading
was suitable for measuring the length of matured fruits.
This paper carried out identification on pathogen of rhizome rot disease in ginger by morphological
observation，pathogenicity test and sequence analysis；and studied the antifungal activity of chitosan against
ginger rhizome rot disease by mycelium growth rate method，in vivo biospy and field experiment. The results
showed that the pathogen of ginger rot disease was identified as Pythium myriotylum，Pythium spinosum and
Pythium sylvaticum，the mycelial growth of those pathogens were restrained by chitosan and the EC50 values were
422.711 2，401.699 5，446.910 7 μg·mL-1，respectively. Micrography observation showed，while inoculated
in the substrate with chitosan，the mycelia would abnormally grow，like：bulging，contorting，having more
branches，and vacuolation appearing inside of mycelia. These results showed that chitosan could obviously inhibit
the occurrence of rhizome rot disease in ginger. The results of field control experiment showed that chitosan could
significantly prevent the occurrence of rhizome rot disease in ginger，and consequently improve the ginger yield.
‘Jingyan 118’ is a new cucumber F1 hybrid of dense spines type in North China．It is suitable
for cultivation in greenhouse in spring，and in plastic tunnel in spring and autumn in northern China．Its female
parent and male parent are inbred lines‘ Y3-6’and‘ H15-2’，respectively．The plant has strong growth vigor．
It is of medium-early maturity．It is resistant to downy mildew，powdery mildew and CMV and tolerant to low
temperature and weak light．The fruit is stick shaped，straight with short carpopodium，small heart chamber，
dense spines and small warts on its peel．The waist cucumber is about 32 cm in length．The single fruit weight is
between 200-240 g．Its pulp is light green in color with sweet crisp taste．This variety possesses successive fruit
setting ability and high yielding potential．Its yield can reach 139.5 t·hm-2．
‘Guanchun No.5’ is a new green bitter gourd F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘ 327’as
female parent and inbred line‘ 186’as male parent．The plant grows vigorously and is of early maturity．Both
its main and side vines can bear fruits．It takes 82 days from sowing to harvest．The first female flower sets on
the 7-8th node of its main vine．Its fruit is long clavate shaped，25-35 cm in length，5-7 cm in transverse
diameter．The fruit flesh thickness is 0.9-1.0 cm．The single fruit weight is about 420 g．It has light green peel，
the spots and strip intervals with its cuticular nodule．Its fruit navel is blunt and its pulp is crisp with light bitter
flavor．Its yield is 45 t·hm-2 in spring cultivation．Its resistance to powdery mildew and Phytophthora blight in
the fields is better than that of the contrast‘ Xinnongcunyoulyukugua’．It is suitable to be cultivated in Sichuan
Province and Chongqing Municipality．
‘Xiangla No.10’ is bred by crossing‘ RX12-97’as female parent and‘ RX11-57’as male parent．
This variety is of medium maturity．Its fruit is long and thick with dark green peel．It belongs to line pepper type and
has vigorous growth vigor．Its fruit is of long goat-horn shape，and 23.3 cm in length，1.9 cm in width．Its pulp
is 0.25 cm in thickness．The single fruit weight is about 30 g．The fruit peel is smooth and glossy．The unripened
one is green in color and the ripened one is red in color．It tastes spicy．Its VC content is 1 460 mg·kg-1．
The yield is about 36 t·hm-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in open fields in autumn and winter at Hainan and
Guangdong Provinces and Guangxi Autonomous Region，or in open fields under plastic mulch in spring and summer
at the Yangtze River Valley，or in arid and mountainous regions at Northern China as high yield cultivation．
‘Xiuyu 4363’is bred by crossing inbred line‘ HS261-2’ as female parent and inbred line
‘08-12-1’ as male parent．It is F1 hybrid of summer squash with cold tolerance，high yield and good
commodity．It is of early maturity，and has strong growth vigor and long vine．The first female flower sets on the 7-8th
section．It can bear fruit successively．Its melon is shining green in color，and 23-26 cm in length，6-7 cm in
transverse diameter．The single fruit weight is about 400 g．It can yield about 255 t·hm-2．This variety has good
adaptability．It is suitable to be planted in early spring under plastic shed，in solar greenhouse in autumn and over
winter in Shandong，Jiangsu，Henan，Hebei Provinces．
‘Ziyunuo 839’ is developed by crossing‘ Bainuo 9103’ as female parent and inbred line‘ Cainuo
8101’ as male parent．It is a F1 hybrid of sweet and waxy corn．It is of medium maturity．It takes about 100
days from seed emergence to harvest．It is of semi-compact plant type．Its plant has strong growth vigor and
its root system is well developed．It is resistant to lodging．The total leaf numbers are 17-19．It is 230 cm in
plant height，and 107 cm in ear position height．Its fresh ear is of taper shape．The ear length is 20.3 cm，
spike thickness is 4.9 cm．There are 14-16 rows in each ear and 42 grains in one line．The grains are white and
purple in color．Its fresh ear yield is 15-18 t·hm-2．Its quality is excellent．The amylopectin content in grain
takes 98.03%．It has strong resistance to disease．It is medium resistant to corn stalk rot，maize dwarf mosaic
disease，and resistant to maize red leaf disease．It is suitable to be planted in Gansu Province，Xinjiang and
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions．
