ISSN 1000-6346
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5（ HY5） is a bZIP（ leucine zipper） transcription factor. It is an
important regulatory factor promoting photomorphogenesis，and involved in regulation of plant root system growth，
hypocotyl elongation after seed germination，and pigment biosynthesis，etc. development procedure by light and
hormones，etc. factors. HY5 can promote the transportation of photosynthetic products in plants above ground.
It can also be a signal molecule to move from above ground part to root system，promoting the absorption and
transportation of nitrates in root system，and maintaining carbon and nitrogen balance in plants，thus achieving
the signal exchange between aboveground and underground parts of the plant. This paper reviews the research
progress made in recent years about HY5 regulatory effects in plant photomorphogenesis，endogenous hormone
signal transduction，nitrogen metabolism，and carbon-nitrogen balance，etc.
Sweet-waxy maize is a new type of fresh maize. The double recessive sweet-waxy maize inbred
line is an essential material for the preparation of sweet-waxy fresh maize. This paper summarized the creation
background and research status of double recessive sweet-waxy maize；and introduced the common method for
creating and identifying technology of double recessive sweet-waxy maize. It also discussed the advantages and
disadvantages of different methods，aiming at providing theoretical basis for preparation，selection and utilization
of sweet-waxy maize material.
The experiment studied the effects of biochar addition on tomato seedling growth and nutrient
uptake by adding biochar with different ratio（ 1∶1 mixture of wheat straw and peanut shell carbonized by high
temperature）into tomato nursery substrate. The result indicated that adding biochar（ 10%-30%） could improve
vent ability，reduce unit weight，increase pH value and EC value of nursery substrate. Compared with the
contrast，adding 20% biochar could significantly improve the stem thickness，healthy seedling index，root-shoot
ratio，chlorophyll content and root system activity of tomato seedlings by 24.29%，62.87%，31.29%，54.87%
and 26.86%，respectively．Besides，biochar addition in nursery substrate could also increase the absorption and
accumulation of N，P and K nutrients by tomato seedlings，which was very helpful for tomato seedling growth.
In order to investigate the effect of Serratia plymuthica A21-4 on cucumber growth and
rhizosphere soil microecology，A21-4 suspension was applied to rhizosphere soil of cucumber．The results showed
that the treatment of A21-4 could remarkably promote the cucumber growth and development both at seedling and
field stages，improve root system activity，increase cucumber yield and quality．Compared with the control，
treatment of A21-4 had increased cucumber yield by 32.22%，and the contents of protein，soluble sugar，and VC
were significantly increased．At the same time，A21-4 treatment could remarkably adjust cucumber rhizosphere
soil，and significantly increase activities of urease，phosphatase，sucrase and catalase in cucumber rhizosphere
soil．Besides，A21-4 treatment could increase the amount of bacteria and antinomycetes in cucumber rhizosphere
soil，and the available contents of N，P and K there．
High-temperature aerobic composting technology is one of the important ways to cyclic reuse
of organic waste．In China，the compost factories often take the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen（C/N）
of raw material to guide the compost production．But owing to the differences existing in the organic components
of raw material，effective carbon source easily utilized by microorganisms should be selected to promote the
composting process．This experiment took tomato stalk as main raw material，and wheat straw，corn starch and
urea as attendant agents．The C/N ratio of initial mixed material was adjusted to 25，and moisture was controlled
to 60%．The water-soluble organic carbon content（WOC）of initial mixture was regulated to 4%，8% and
12%，respectively．The paper studied the effect of WOC differences in initial mixed material on composting
process．The results showed when WOC of initial mixed material was increased，the higher initial emission rate
and higher accumulation amount of CO2 could risebe，and the higher material loss rate would be．The shorter
composting process was，better compost maturity might be，and easier compost would be started．When the
WOC of initial mixed material was over 8%，the composting treatment of organic waste could be speeded up．
While the differences between WOC of initial material would not affect the thorough decomposed and product
nature．Therefore，increse WOC in the mixted initial material could be used as a method to speed up the compost
procedure and a key index to guide compost production．
Taking liquorice dregs substrate from traditional Chinese medicine factory as material，composting
fermentation to produce organic substrate，this paper studied on the effect of liquorice dregs substrate culture on
tomato quality and flavonoid content．The results showed that compared with the turf matrix cultivation，liquorice
dregs substrate cultivation could significantly increase the contents of flavonoid，lycopene，protein，total sugar，total
acid，and increase the contents of VC，soluble solid in tomato fruit，thus improve the quality of tomato．
In order to establish a rapid and effective technology to identify resistance to bacterial spot
disease of processing tomato，this paper compared 5 innoculation methods，including spraying，smear，axillary
acupuncture，acupuncture on stem，and root irrigation on tomato bacterial spot. The results showed that spraying
was the best inoculation method. It was simple and effective，suitable for resistance identification on germplasm
resources. A total of 209 Solanum pimpinellifolium germplasm resources were evaluated by spray inoculation
method. Among them，22 materials were mid-resistant to diseases，57 were susceptible，130 were high
susceptible，and no resistant or immune materials were found. By indoor pot experiment，23 kinds of biocides were
evaluated for their prevention and control effect on tomato bacterial spot. There were 2 kinds of safe and efficient
biological agents，namely spore IVF 018 and spore IVF 021，respectively. The preventive and curative effects on
bacterial spot disease were 100.00%，82.50% and 71.25%，61.67%，respectively. And the prevention effect was
obviously higher than curative effects，indicating prevention and curative in fields should take prevention first.
This paper studied the affects of 7 kinds microbiological agents on watermelon seedling growth and the control effect on Fusarium wilt by the method of seedling inoculation．The results showed that S1，S4 and S6
treatments could significantly promote watermelon growth．Their indexes of plant height，stem diameter，fresh
weight above ground，root-crown ratio，strong seedling index，etc．were all higher than that of the contrast．
Biological agents had certain control effects on Fusarium wilt of watermelon．Compared with the respective
contrast，the disease index of‘ Zaojia 8424’ decreased 76.2-92.8，that of‘ Xinong No.8’ decreased 37.0-54.6．
Besides，the disease control effect of these 2 varieties was all outstanding as S6．Further studies found that
Bacillus subtilis could significantly inhibit mycelial growth and spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
niveum race1．Inhibition rate of mycelial growth reached 67.75% and the conidia germination number was only
24.4% of the contrast．The successive control on pathogenic bacteria could reach 49.3%．In summary，S6 has the
best combination effect on watermelon growth promotion and control of watermelon Fusarium wilt．And its strain
has significant inhibitory effect on growth and spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum．
Taking Alternaria solani as a target，this study screened the biocontrol strain BAF-6 with
strong antagonism against pathogenic bacteria of potato early blight by plate confrontation method. The strain was
identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens through morphological，physiological and biochemical tests and 16S
rDNA sequence analysis. The extracellular metabolites of the strain after 60-80 ℃ heat treatment，its antibacterial
activity was over 95%. Under UV irradiation for 8 hours，or when the pH value was 2-10，its antibacterial
properties were still stable. After protease treatment the strain antibacterial activity was still over 50%.
In order to improve embryoid induction rate of watermelon unfertilized ovary and accelerate its
haploid breeding process，this experiment took unfertilized ovary of watermelon‘ Zaojia8428’ as material and
studied on the factors affecting induction rate of embryoid grown in spring．The results showed that keeping the
fruit stalk as long as possible when the ovary was taken，then steeping it in 0.02 mg·L-1 TDZ for 10 min and
putting it at 15 ℃ as pretreatment for 2 days could improve the induction rate of embryoid from 3.5% to 15.9%．
‘Dongnong 812’ is a new cucumber F1 hybrid bred by crossing‘ D1158’ as female parent and
‘D0708-2’ as male parent．It is suitable to be cultivated in protected fields of Northern China．It has good
quality，strong resistance to diseases，and high yield．It is of fresh-eating type and has strong growth vigor．It
is tolerant to low temperature and weak light，and high resistant to Fusarium wilt，resistant to downy mildew and
powdery mildew．The first female flower sets on the 4-5th node．Its fruit is of short cylindrical type with emerald
peel in color．Its fruit is 15-18 cm in length，and 3.5-4.0 cm in diameter．The single fruit weight is 120-140 g．
It has high quality and high yield．The commercial fruit rate is over 90%．It can yield about 60 t·hm-2．It is
suitable for greenhouse cultivation at 3 Northeastern Provinces and Inner Mongolia of China in spring and autumn．
Heitiannuo 631’ is a new black sweet and waxy corn variety of fruit-vegetable type bred by
crossing‘ HNF’ as female parent and‘k01-2’as male parent．It is of semi-compact plant type，263 cm in
plant height，and 155 cm in ear position height．It has strong growth vigor．Its ear is cylindrical，and 19.6 cm in
length．There are 18 rows in each ear and 40 grains in one line．The spike-stalk is black in color．The grain is
black purple in color．The proportion of sweet and waxy grain is 1︰3．Its fresh ear yield is 13.5-16.5 t·hm-2．
It takes about 96 days as growing period．It tastes sweet and sticky after cooking，and contains rich anthocyanin．
It is suitable to be planted in the main producing area of waxy corn in Shanxi Province．
‘Guijiang No.2’ is a new mid-maturing cowpea variety developed by crossing‘ M133-6’ as female parent and‘ F12-5’ as male parent through systematic selection．Its pods can bear on both main and lateral
vines．The first flower sets on the 4-6th node．Each inflorescence could bear 2-3 pods．The commercial pod is
light green in color and average pod length is 55 cm．The single pod weight is about 30 g．Its pod pulp is fleshy
and sweet．In spring，it takes 55 days from sowing to harvest，and 50 days in autumn．The whole growing
period is 90-110 days．It can yield 28.5-30.0 t·hm-2．Its resistances to rust，powdery mildew，sooty blotch
in field are better than that of the local main cultivar‘ Huazhendoujiao’ from Guangxi Province．It is suitable for
cultivation in southern China in spring and autumn．
‘Zhujiao 19’ is a new hot pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘ Lixiang 888-7-
12-1-5-5-7-4-9’ as female parant and inbred line‘ Zhu 0606’ as male parent．Its fruit is of sheep horn shape
with smooth peel．The fruit is 18.3 cm in length and 3.2 cm in width．Its pulp is 0.36 cm in thickness．The single
fruit weight is 52.3 g．Its fruit is of superior quality．The VC content of fresh fruit is 1 015 mg·kg-1．It can yield
about 48 t· hm-2．In field its resistance to virus disease and anthracnose is stronger than that of the contrast‘ Xiangyan
No.15’．It is suitable for open field cultivation in Henan，Jiangsu，Guangdong，Hainan Provinces and Guangxi
Autonomous Region．
