ISSN 1000-6346
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
Salt stress treatment was carried out on 190 eggplant germplasm resources and their salt tolerance was identified by salt damage index together with chrolophyll loss rate. According to the results of salt tolerance identification，15 different materials with different salt tolerance were selected to evaluate their salt tolerance in bud and seedling stages. The relative germination rate，relative germination potential，salt damage index in bud stage，proline content and chlorophyll content were measured to select suitable criterias for evaluating eggplant salt tolerance. The results showed that there were‘Ciqie’，‘Suanjieqie’，‘Malaiyaqie’，‘Meizhoumoqie’and‘Tianjinerminqie’5 varieties possessed stronger salt tolerance. Except salt damage index，the relative germination rate，relative increase of proline content and chlorophyll loss rate could also be used as important index for evaluating salt tolerance.
Taking the leave and petiole of red-colored，green-colored and secondary-colored Heracleum moellendorffii Hance as test material，this study measured the total phenols，total flavonoid content，antioxidant ability of different kinds and parts；and analyzed the correlation between functional activities and material composition contents．The result showed there were significant differences in total phenols and flavonoid content，and the total phenols and flavonoid content in leaves of above 3 kinds were significantly higher than that in their petioles．In the evaluation of antioxidant activity，the alcohol extracts of red leaf showed the highest antioxidant activity，followed by secondary-colored leaf，and that of the green-colored petiole was the weakest．The concentration of alcohol extracts exhibited linear relation with the scavenging ability of DPPH·free radicals，OH·free radicals and ABTS+ radicals．And there was positive correlation between the concentration of alcohol extracts and antioxidant ability．In conclusion，the antioxidant ability exhibited a significant or extreme significant positive relation with the total phenols content of leaf and petiole；and their correlation with total flavonoid content was non-significant．
Shanxi Province is one of the major producing areas for seed potato and commodity potato in China．However，due to drought and water shortage，the development of potato production was severely restricted．In order to screen out potato varieties with strong drought resistance，this paper conducted drought resistance identification on 15 potato varieties introduced from abroad and cultivated in pot；and analyzed drought resistance coefficient，drought resistance index，plant height stress index，and water loss rate of isolated leaves of each variety．The results showed that the plant height stress index and water loss rate were extremely significantly negatively correlated with drought resistance coefficient and could be used as indicators to identify drought resistant ability．Based on these results，4 drought-resistant varieties out of the 15 tested varieties，‘Zhongshu No. 19’，‘Jinshu No.24’，‘Jinshu No.16’ and‘ Tongshu No.29’ were screened．They are suitable for planting and extension in northern Shanxi．
Taking tomato variety‘ Fengshou’ as experimental material，this paper studied the effect of zinc and potassium fertilizers on the growth，photosynthetic characteristics，yield and quality of tomato under a closed cycling soilless cultivation system. The results showed that enriching application of zinc and potassium fertilizers could increase the plant height，stem diameter，leaf number，improve net photosynthetic rate，transpiration rate，etc. photosynthetic indexes. The contents of VC，soluble sugar，soluble solid，titratable acid，and sugaracid ratio were all increased. The single fruit quality and yield per plant were also significantly improved. The effect of potassium fertilizer on tomato growth，yield and quality was higher than that of zinc fertilizer，and the effect of joint application of zinc and potassium fertilizers was better than that of single application.
Taking artificial pollination as the contrast，an experiment of wall bee pollination with threeline seed production system of pepper was conducted．The results showed that the optimum proportion of male and female parents is 1∶3 with interval cultivation．Wall bee had good adaptability in greenhouse．The fruit setting rate，fruit number of single plant，1 000-grain weight and yield of seed production by wall bee pollination were higher than that by artificial pollination．Thus，the cost of seed production was reduced by a large margin．The cost of each greenhouse was reduced by 86.7%．The application of wall bee pollination in three-line seed production system of pepper is feasible，and the effect is good．
In order to screen a simple，rapid and effective method for inoculation of tomato bacterial canker，this paper compared the effects of 4 different inoculation methods including top leaf shearing，needle penetrating，root soaking and bacterial-soil mixing methods on tomato canker occurance degree. The results showed that top leaf shearing was the best inoculation method. Its incidence rate was 100%，and disease index was over 90. This method is simple to operate，applicable for evaluating the pathogenicity of bacterial and fungicide control effect to tomato bacterial canker. Through pot experiment in greenhouse，this paper compared the control effects of 23 microbial agents for tomato bacteria canker and screened 3 safe and highly efficient microbial agents，naming bacillus IVF 018，bacillus IVF 021 and bacillus IVF020. Their control effects were all over 98%.
Considering biocontrol fungus Trichoderma and Botrytis cinerea had strong antagonistic action，pot experiment and field experiment were conducted to compare the control effect of Trichoderma，procymidone，and their mixture on strawberry gray mold. The results showed that in pot experiment，the control effect of Trichoderma on Botrytis cinerea by single application was 81.40%. When the ratio of Trichoderma and procymidone was 8∶1，the control efficiency was as high as 88.32%. The control effect ranged between 65%-80%，when Trichoderma mixed with procymidone by other ratio，which was still higher than that by applying fungicides alone. In fields，when Trichoderma and procymidone were mixed by the ratio of 8∶1 or 3∶1，the control efficiency was about 80%，which was safe for strawberry without any phytotoxicity. The stability of control effect of Trichoderma could be improved by adding certain proportion of procymidone，and the drug-fast generation of pathogenic bacteria to chemical fungicides could be delayed.
Under field test condition，this paper studied effects of 3 soil disinfectants on controlling celery root rot．The results showed that all 3 soil disinfectants had certain control effect，and the incidence rate and disease index were significantly higher or extremely lower than that of the contrasts．The control effects of 98% dazomet MG，calcium cyanamide soil purifier and 35% calcium cyanamide AS were 68.03%，57.98% and 35.60%，respectively．Their yields were increased by 35.19%，28.43% and 13.20%，compared with that of the contrasts．98% dazomet MG be used as the first choice for controlling celery root rot．
Taking the inner thermal insulation greenhouse as research object，this paper installed 28 water pipes（diameter 0.1 m，length 3 m，spacing 0.4 m）in the back wall（37 walls）of solar greenhouse，with 0.66 m3 total volume；and studied the effect of heat-accumulated water pipe on thermal environment of solar greenhouse. The results showed that after installation，on a sunny day，the lowest temperature in greenhouse was increased by 2.3 ℃ ；on a cloudy day，the lowest temperature in greenhouse was increased by 0.6 ℃ . The lowest temperatures at 0 cm and 20 cm inside wall of solar greenhouse were higher than that of the contrast area.The thermal insulation properties of the wall were obviously enhanced. In January，the maximum temperature，minimum temperature and average temperature of the test area were 5.22，0.71 ℃ and 1.36 ℃ higher than that of the contrast area. Under continuous（3 days）adverse weather conditions，the daily soil（20 cm）minimum temperature of solar greenhouse was increased by 2.6-3.1 ℃ ；and under continuous sunny condition（3 days）the daily soil（20 cm）minimum temperature of solar greenhouse was increased by 2.0-3.7 ℃ . Visibly，installation of heat-accumulated water pipe could significantly improve the thermal environment in greenhouse，thus the solar energy efficiency of heat utilization in greenhouse was raised.
A new cucumber F1 hybrid‘ Jinyou 319’ is developed by crossing‘ 117D507-2’ as female parent and‘ QF19’ as male parent．It is of North China type and has excellent fruit commodity．It is tolerant to low temperature and weak light．The plant has strong growth vigor．Its leaves are medium in size．Its fruits are grown on main vine．The fruits are of stick shape，straight，with short carpopodium and high uniformity．The fruit is 36.0-38.0 cm in length．The single fruit weight is about 290 g．The fruit is shining dark green in color and has medium papilloma but no arris．The percentage of abnormal fruit is less than 10%．The fruit pulp is light green in color with small chamber．It tastes sweet and crisp．It has strong comprehensive resistance to diseases，and excellent yield potential．It is resistant to Fusarium wilt，downy mildew，powdery mildew and CMV. It can yield over 150 t·hm-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in Eastern and Northern China in protected fields in spring and autumn．
‘Longke No.2’ is a new watermelon F1 hybrid of mid-early maturity，bred by crossing inbred lines ‘08C41’ as female parent and‘ 08C44’ as male parent．Its whole growth period in open field is about 90 days and 109 days under plastic shed．The fruit development periods under these 2 cultivation conditions are about 30 days and 35 days，respectively．The plant grows healthily and branches moderately．It is easy to set fruit．The first female flower of main vine sets on 5-7th node．The next female flower appears on every 3-4 sections．Its fruit is of round shape and the green peel covered with dark green stripes．Its peel is 0.9 cm in thickness and tolerant to storage and transportation．The flesh is bright red in color，crisp，juicy with good flavor．The central soluble solid content is 12.4% with smaller sugar gradient between fruit center and edge．The single fruit weight is about 3.6 kg and average yield is 64.05 t·hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in Gansu Province and areas with similar ecological conditions in open fields or greenhouse in spring．
‘Jinquan No.1’ is a new oriental melon F1 hybrid of middle early maturity．Its female patent is ‘R2-207-86-90-32-279-384’ and male parent is‘ 09-183-80-22-213-28-385’．The fruit is of oval shape．Its flesh is sweet，crisp and white in color．The peel is yellow．The central soluble solid content is 15.5%．The average single fruit weight is 385 g．It can yield about 35.25 t·hm-2．It is moderate resistant to Fusarium wilt，highly resistant to bacterial spot and tolerant to storage and transportation．It is suitable for protected cultivation in Shandong，Hebei Provinces and Northeast China regions．
‘Mingjiao No.9’ is a hot pepper F1 hybrid of mid-early maturing，developed by crossing inbred line‘ m135-1-2-3-2’ as female parent and inbred line‘ f269-1-4-2-3’ as male parent．Its fruit is of short cavel shape with smooth and shining peel．The young fruit is green in color，and ripen one is bright red in color．It tastes strong spicy．The fruit is 6-8 cm in length，about 2.0 cm in width and 0.15 cm in thickness．The single fruit weight is 7-10 g．It can yield about 34.5 t·hm-2．Its resistance to anthrax and virus disease is stronger than that of the contrast‘ Fujianlajiaowang’．It is suitable to be cultivated in open fields in most areas of China．
