ISSN 1000-6346
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
This paper summarized the achievements and new progress made at home and abroad in basic
research related to pumpkin（Cucurbita spp.）breeding，including genome sequence and transcriptome
analysis，genetic map construction and important gene/QTLs mapping，germplasm genetic diversity analysis，
molecule marker-assisted selective breeding，dihaploid breeding，and transgenic breeding etc．The paper also
analyzed the problems existing in basic research related to pumpkin breeding；and put forward countermeasures
and suggestions，so as to provide theoretical and practical references for pumpkin breeding．
Savoy is a varietas of Chinese cabbage subspecie，and wrinkle bubbles distributed on the
leave surface are typical feature distinguishing them from the other Chinese cabbage subspecies．IIlumina
high-throughput sequencing technology was adopted to conduct transcriptome sequencing on savoy and
pakchoi．A total of 27.75 Gb of clean data were obtained．Each sample clean data reached 4.00 Gb，and the
Q30 base was over 90.53%．After de novo joint，127 988 transcriptions and 46 950 unigenes were obtained
with an average length of 1 327.71 bp and 856.26 bp，respectively．Significant differences in gene expression
were determined by the following criteria：false discovery rate（FDR）＜ 0.01 and the FC（fold change）≥ 2．
A total of 1 296 differentially expressed genes were screened．All these genes were compared by different
databases and 1 156 DEGs were annotated．Among them，1 150 differentially expressed genes were
annotated in nr database，and 864 in GO database．There were 200 differentially expressed genes were
annotated in KEGG database，belonging to 80 metabolic pathways．
Taking tomato variety L402 seedlings as experimental material，this paper studied the tomato
growth and the control effects of gray mold of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3. Results showed that 25 mmol·L-1 and 50
mmol·L-1 Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 had remarkable role of strengthening tomato seedling；30-60 mmol·L-1 Na2CO3
and NaHCO3 had inhibiting effect of different degrees on the growth of gray mold hypha. And its inhibition role was
strengthened along with the increase of its concentration. Both 30-40 mmol·L-1 Na2CO3 and 50-60 mmol·L-1
NaHCO3 had good preventive role on tomato gray mold. While，50 mmol·L-1 Na2CO3 and 50-60 mmol·L-1
NaHCO3 had good inhibiting effect on tomato gray mold. Consequently，suitable concentration of Na2CO3 and
NaHCO3 can be applied in tomato production for controlling gray mold.
In order to investigate the high efficient utilization model of N in leaf vegetables substrate
cultivation at northern China in winter，this paper took pakchoi as material and total NO3--N as the contrast；
conducted pot experiment and designed 25%，40%，60% of 3 N increasing level treatments；observed the
growth and activity of root system and N metabolism key enzyme activity during the growth process of pakchoi；and
measured its nutrient absorption，yield and quality．The results showed that the treatment of increasing 25%-40%
NH4+-N could increase the root length，root surface area and root volume，promote root system development；
enhance its absorbtion of N and P．Compared with total NO3--N treatment（CK）this treatment of increasing
NH4+-N ratio could significantly decrease the nitrate content，increase the content of soluble sugar，and yet had
no significant effect on the single plant mass．The nitrogen partial factor productivity of increasing 40% NH4+-N
treatment was respectively 3.7% and 3.8% higher than that of increasing 25%，60% NH4+-N treatments，and
the above-ground dry matter of the pakchoi was significantly increased either．To sum up，in northern China
for protected vegetable cultivation of pakchoi in winter，the suitable N application（17.33 mmol·L-1），plus
increasing 40% NH4+-N can achieve the best effect．
The inhibition activity was tested by dual culture method and microscope observation，and the
control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis NBF809 on tomato Corynespora leaf spot was investigated by pot experiment.
The results showed that NBF809 strain had good inhibition activity in dual culture. The distortion，swelling and
deformation of mycelium were observed under microscope. Result of pot experiment demonstrated that the control
efficacy of NBF809 strain on tomato Corynespora leaf spot reached 73.26%. Polymerase chain reaction was used
to detect antibiotics produced by NBF809 strain. These antibiotics were amplified to bacD，ituC，ituD，mrsM
and mycC 5 genes，involving respectively in the biosynthesis of 4 antibiotics：Bacilysin，Iturin，Mersacidin and
Mycosubtilin.
Abstract：Deficiency symptoms of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium in Solanum torvum seedlings
cultured in nutrient solution were induced and observed，along with the determination of growth parameters and
physiological characteristics. Results indicated that each specific nutrient deficiency induced exclusive symptoms.
The emergence time and severity of 3 different nutrient deficiencies were different. The symptom of nitrogen
deficiency emerged the earliest. The nitrogen and potassium deficiency had the most obvious effect on aboveground
plant parts. The number of leaves，whole-plant dry weight and root total volume under nutrient deficiency
treatments were all lower than those of the contrast，whereas the root to shoot ratio was higher than that of the
contrast. The chlorophyll contents in both old and tender leaves were significant lower than that of the contrast
under N deficiency treatment，but the chlorophyll content of tender leaves was significantly higher than that of the
contrast under P deficiency treatment. There were extreme obvious differences in the root system activities. N and
P deficiency weakened the activity of plant root system. While K deficiency significantly increased root activity by
44.34% as compared with the contrast.
The inhibitory effects of 6 fungicides（prochloraz manganese salt，Fu zinc，phenyletherbromothalonil，
dihydroanthraquinone，difenoconazole，carbendazim-thiram-bromothalonil）on the growth of
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum were determined by growth rate method. The results showed that all of these 6
fungicides had inhibitory effect on the pathogen of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Among them，80% Fu zinc
WP and 10% difenoconazole WG presented the best inhibitory effects. At the concentration of 1 000 mg·L-1，their
inhibitory rates were 77.68% and 72.96%，respectively，and the EC50 values were 212.41 mg·L-1 and 296.83
mg·L-1，respectively. Thus，80% Fu zinc WP and 10% difenoconazole WG can be used as candidate fungicides
in managing bean anthracnose in the fields.
China is a large vegetable producing country and also a vegetable export super power in the world．
In 2002，China and ASEAN countries signed an agreement to jointly establish the largest free trade area in
developing countries，which will serve the largest population in the world．On the basis of analyzing the status
quo of China’s ASEAN vegetable export trade，this paper empirically analyzed the influencing factors of China’s
ASEAN vegetable export trade by constructing an extended gravity model．The main conclusion of this study is
that total GDP of both trading countries，geographical distance，CAFTA trade environment，and each country’s
vegetable per unit yield（production technology），etc. had significant impact on vegetable export trade between
China and ASEAN countries．The paper also analyzed the trade prospects of China’s vegetable export to ASEAN
countries in the future by trade potential measurement，and provided relevant countermeasures and suggestions．
Investigation was conducted on secondary soil salinization of 7 planting greenhouse vegetable
bases in Chifeng City，and soil sample detection analysis was carried out on 2 bases being planted for longer years.
The results showed that the contents of soluble salt in greenhouse soil was increasing first then reducing. The soil
soluble salt content in 0-5 cm soil layer after 10 years planting could reach the highest level 11.4 g·kg-1，which
was significantly higher than the neighbouring open fields. Along with the deepening of topsoil cultivation，the soil
soluble salt content showed a tendency of decreasing，（0-5）cm ＞（5-15）cm ＞（15-25）cm. The EC value
of greenhouse soil and main saltion content also showed a trend of first increasing then decreasing along with the
increase of planting years. There were some differences in salt composition in greenhouse soil of different areas.
‘Shengqiu No.2’ is a new cucumber F1 hybrid specially for outdoor，developed by crossing inbred
line‘ 2431’ as female parent and inbred line‘ 12-9’ as male parent．The plant has strong growth vigor and is of
mid-early maturity．The fruit is about 20 cm in length and is of straight shape．The fruit peel is light green in
color with few white spines．Its pulp is also light green in color with fresh and scent taste．This variety has good
commercial character．It is highly resistant to Fusarium wilt，resistant to downy mildew，bacterial angular leaf
spot and cucumber brown speck．It can yield about 30 t·hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in northeastern China
and Inner Mongolian regions．
‘Yunla No.1’ is a variety specially for making pickled pepper，which is developed by crossing
‘078-2-3’ as female parent and‘ 250-4-1-1-S’ as male parent．It is of medium maturity．The plant has strong
growth vigor and branching ability．Its fruit is of long erietiform with smooth and shining peel．Its commercial
fruit is 14.5 cm in length and 1.6 cm in width．The pulp is 0.26 cm in thickness．The single fruit weight is 19 g．
Its unmatured fruit is green in color and matured one is bright red．It tastes mild spicy and crisp without residue．
Its outstanding characteristics are still crisp with moderate spicy taste after long period of pickling，and yet without
peel and pulp separation．In the fields，its resistance to virus and Phytophthora blight is stronger than that of the
contrast‘ Erjintiao’．It has high fruit setting rate．It takes about 70-75 days from field planting to first harvest．
It can yield about 45 t·hm-2．The multi-plot trial and production demonstration prove that it is suitable for
cultivation in the regions of southwestern China as processing variety of pickled pepper．
‘Tongshu No.29’ is a new potato variety developed by crossing‘ 9905-1’as female parent and
‘9333-10’ as male parent．It is developed through sexual hybridization and systematic selection and breeding．
It is middle-late maturing and can be used both as table potato and for starch processing．It takes about 105
days from sprouting to harvest．Its tuber is of round shape with yellow peel and milky white pulp．Its eyes are of
medium depth．The tuber dry matter content was 27.0%，starch was 19.40%，VC was 189 mg·kg-1（FW），
reducing sugar was 0.15% and crude protein was 2.80%．It can yield 22.5-30.0 t·hm-2 under normal fertility
condition，and over 60 t·hm-2 under higher fertility condition．It has high and stable yielding ability．It is
medium resistant to potato virus X and potato virus Y．It is suitable to be planted in northern Shanxi Province，
northern Hebei Province，central and southern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，and northern Shaanxi
Province．
A new eggplant F1 hybrid‘ Zhuqie No.11’ was developed by crossing inbred line‘ P07-01’ as
female parent and‘ Zhu Q-12’ as male parent．The plant has strong growth potential and strong resistance．
The fruit is of oval shape with 16.0 cm in length and 11.5 cm in width．The average single fruit weight is 0.50 kg．
Its peel is green in color with smooth surface．It has good commodity．The average yield is 76.5 t·hm-2．In
fields，its resistance to bacterial wilt，blight plague and Verticillium wilt is stronger than that of the contrast
‘Xinxiangcaoqingqie’．It is suitable for cultivation in spring and autumn facilities and open fields in Henan
Province and surrounding areas．
