ISSN 1000-6346
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
CN 11-2326/S
中华人民共和国农业农村部 主管
中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 主办
Pumpkin seeds are rich in nutrition value and has higher healthy function．The scale of seedused
pumpkin industry in China has expanded year by year．But at present the germplasm resources creation
and new variety breeding of seed-used pumpkin are waiting for further systematic study．The paper expounded
the evaluation and identifi cation of seed-used pumpkin germplasm resources and genetic diversity research，and
genetic localization and regulation of important agronomic characters，including yield，disease resistance，
seed coat color，nutrient content of seed-used pumpkin．Meanwhile，the paper prospected the research
directions for seed-used pumpkin，so as to provide certain theoretical reference for germplasm creation and
breeding of new varieties．
Vegetable industry is developing rapidly in China．The development of vegetable industry
in different regions presents different characteristics．This paper established an evaluation index system
for Chinese vegetable industry competitiveness，based on the theory of national competitive advantage，
and combined with the actual development situation of vegetable industry in China．Then，this paper
analyzed the competitiveness of vegetable industry in various regions of China by factor analysis method
and system clustering analysis method．The results indicate that ① The development levels of vegetable
industry competitiveness in various regions of China are unbalanced．There are bigger differences existed in
competitiveness of vegetable industry in different provinces．The provinces with large vegetable production
and large agricultural production scale have stronger competitiveness，while those with weaker agriculture
foundation and smaller agricultural production scale，possess less competitiveness in vegetable industry．
② The vegetable industry in eastern regions has stronger competitiveness，while western regions has weaker
competitiveness．The vegetable industry in eastern regions has good development foundation and many
advantages in market requirement and transportation facilities．In western regions，the vegetable production
basis is relatively weak，and under the constraints of transportation facilities，the overall competitiveness of
vegetable industry is weak．③ The order of provinces with stronger competitiveness in vegetable industry are
as following：Shandong ＞ Henan ＞ Jiangsu ＞ Hubei ＞ Hunan ＞ Hebei ＞ Guangdong ＞ Zhejiang ＞
Sichuan．
A heat shock protein gene，naming CmHSP70-5，was isolated from pumpkin cDNA by
polymerase chain reaction （PCR） method based on pumpkin genome sequence．Phylogenetic relationship
of HSP70-5 and its homology were analyzed using bioinformation method．The expression quantity of
CmHSP70-5 under heat stress was studied by real-time PCR．The results showed that CmHSP70-5 gene was 1
953 bp，and its coding CmHSP70-5 protein had the closest relative with Arabidopsis AtHSP70-5．CmHSP70-5
gene had a high expression level in roots than in stems and leaves under normal conditions．Real-time PCR
results indicated that under heat stress，the expression of CmHSP70-5 gene in roots，stems and leaves were all
up-regulated and could reach the maximum quantity 3 hours after treatment，indicating that the expression of
CmHSP70-5 gene was related to heat stress in Cucurbita moschata．
Taking 20 potato advanced generation clones created by foreign germplasm resources as test
material，‘Youjin’as susceptible contrast and‘Kexin No.18’ as resistant contrast，this paper evaluated
the scab resistance of test material by natural infested field and artificial inoculation methods；analyzed the
genetic relationship between test materials using SSR molecular markers；and compared the clustering results
of SSR genetic similarity coefficient and classification results of disease resistance of the tested materials，
so as to explore the feasibility of using SSR molecular marker for screening resources with scab resistance．
Two hundred and seventy-eight bacterial strains with Streptomyces characteristics were separated and purified
from soil and tuber，of which 240 from tuber and 38 from soil．One hundred and twenty-seven bacterial
strains with pathogenicity were all identified as Streptomyces scabies．There were significant differences in
disease resistance among the tested materials，which could be divided into 4 types：high resistant，moderate
resistant，moderate susceptible and high susceptible．Correlation between artificial inoculation and resistance
identification in natural disease nurseries was highly significant（R2=0.946 7）．The resistant type and
susceptible type could be roughly distinguished by SSR genetic similarity coefficient clustering，indicating that
scab resistance was related to the genetic relationship．
In most areas of Guangxi，there are more rainy days in spring and autumn and the rainfall
is higher．This climatic conditions are beneficial to the survival and pathophoresis of Phytophthora infestans
and sporangium produced by late blight．This paper conducted resistance test for late blight on 16 large-fruit
tomato materials to screen Polymeric multi-resistant materials using field resistance identification and KASP
molecular marker technology．The results showed that 10 materials showed high resistant or resistant to late
blight in fields；3 materials contained late blight homozygous resistance gene Ph-3；2 materials contained
TYLCV homozygous resistance gene Ty-1；4 materials contained TYLCV homozygous resistance gene Ty-3；
10 materials contained Verticillium wilt homozygous resistance gene Ve-2．Besides，3 materials：LF-15，LF-
35，LF-41 had 4 resistant genes at the same time．Among them，LF-35 contained 4 resistant genes all being
homozygote．
Taking tomato variety‘stone’as test material，the paper carried out salt stress test on tomato
root system by hydroponic device and wiping out main root and lateral root．Four treatments of salt stress
concentration were 0（CK），0.1%，0.2% and 0.3%，respectively．The paper studied the growth status and
salt tolerance threshold of tomato root system by testing lateral root system activity，dry root weight and root
morphological parameters，etc. indexes．The results showed that the growth of lateral roots all accorded with
the slow-fast-slow Logistic growth model．Stress with 0.1% salt concentration could delay the development
progress of root system．The root system activity，dry root weight and root system morphological parameters
were all higher than that of the contrast．Under stress with 0.2% and 0.3% salt concentration，the root system
development progress was all ahead of schedule，then the dry root weight and root morphological parameters
were all lower than that of the contrast．The growth of root system was inhibited．The injuried main root would
stimulate the survival potential of lateral roots conducting compensatory growth．The root morphological
parameters had bigger contribution to salt tolerance．Total root length，root superficial area and root volume
could be taken as salt tolerance indexes．To sum up，the salt stress environment benificial to lateral root growth
is 0.1% salt concentration．The Logistic model can be used to predict the origin，peak and terminal points of
root growth，so that effective measures can be taken to regulate the growth of lateral root under salt stress．
Taking 6 varieties as test material，this paper studied on characteristics of floral organ
morphology，population florescence，flowering dynamics of a single flower，flowering time of different types
of flower，stigma receptivity，pollen viability，outcrossing index and pollination pattern of water caltrop．
The results showed that water caltrop flower was solitary and bisexual．A single flower can bloom for 15 h．
The population florescence starts from May to October and full bloom stage is July to August．Different types
of water caltrop cultivar have different flowering peaks within a day．The period for stigma to receive pollen
is mainly within 2 h after the sepal cracked，and the seed set rate can reach over 50%．Pollen viability can
be maintained for 7.5 h under natural conditions．The water caltrop is mainly self-pollinated，and also exists
partly apomixes and a small quantity of cross-pollination．
Taking annual Aralia elata（Miq.）Seem. as material，this study divided the branches into 1，
2 and 3 levels，according to their lignification and fibrosis degrees；and studied the effects of branch maturity
on growth and nutrient contents of young buds，by out-of-season cultivation in solar greenhouse．The results
showed that branch maturity could obviously affect the young bud growth and quality．The sprouting rate
and single plant bud yield increased significantly with the increase of branch maturity．Besides，the nutrient
contents of soluble sugar，soluble protein，VC and polysaccharide，etc. and secondary metabolites including
flavonoids and saponins all showed an increasing trend．In conclusion，selecting branches with high maturity
and favorable degree of lignification in out-of-season Aralia elata（Miq.）Seem. production could achieve
higher economic value．
In order to clear and definite the different pathoogenicity of clubroot from regions all over
China，this paper classified the physiological races and pathotypes of clubroot in 20 Chinese cabbages collected
from all over the country，using Williamms identification system and 4 Chinese cabbage varieties with different
resistances to clubroot．The results of using Williamms identification system showed that 18 Chinese cabbage
varieties were belonged to No.4 physilogical race，and 2 were belonged to No.2 physilogical race．The result
of identifying 4 Chinese cabbage varieties showed that according to their different pathogenicities，they were
divided into 6 types．There were 6 types existing in No.4 physilogical race and 2 types in No.2 physilogical
race．The paper deems that the Williams identification system has not been able to precisely divide the
physilogical race of Chinese cabbage clubroot pathogen，and it is of important significance to study on
screening Chinese cabbage varieties（lines）with different disease resistances and identifying clubroot pathogen
pathotypes．
Taking on-site visit and questionnaire method，this paper randomly selected 20 gardens in 5
districts with large areas of vegetable facilities in Beijing；and investigated the current situation of vegetable
production，and requirement for light and simplified technology/equipments．The results showed that the average age of workers ＞ 50 years in the vegetable gardens in Beijing took 78.3%．The aging tendency was
obvious．There are 14 gardens，where the workers got 80-120 yuan wage per person per day，accounted for
70%，indicating the high labor cost．Over 95% of fertilizer and irrigation quantities were controlled by farmer
experience．The management on water and fertilizer was extensive．The light and simplified index was 0.31-
0.57，and that of regional figour was all ＜ 0.5．Demand rate for light and simplified technology and equipments
was higher．The paper suggests that Beijing takes the simplifying development road for facility vegetable
production；changing the traditional north-south cultivation direction into east-west direction；adopting small
machine to instead artificial ridges；developing drip irrigation and applying liquid fertilizer，etc. simple
but high efficient technology；so as to push forward the transformation and upgrading of suburb vegetable
industry．
‘Heijin No.2’ is a new yellow flesh watermelon F1 hybrid of early maturity developed by
crossing inbred line‘2x-313’as female parent and‘ 2x-303’ as male parent．In protected field cultivation and
at early spring，its whole growing period is about 90 days and fruit development period is about 30 days．Its
plant has stronger growth vigor and is easy to bear fruit．The fruit is of round shape with dark green peel．The
peel is about 0.5 cm in thickness．The flesh is bright yellow in color．The center soluble solid content is 12.4%．
The average single fruit weight is 1.5-2.5 kg．It can yield over 42 t·hm-2．It is mid-resistant to Fusarium wilt．
It is suitable for early facilities cultivation in Shanxi Province and surrounding regions．
‘Tianjiao No.16’ is a new pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘45-2-1-1-1-
1’as female parent and inbred line‘76-1-1-1-1-1’as male parent．This variety is of medium maturity．Its
first flower sets on the 10-12th node．Its fruit is of goat-horn shape．The unripe fruit is dark green in color with
wrinkle peel．The fruit is 25.56 cm in length，5.83 cm in width．The single fruit weight is 103.8 g．Its fruit
tastes slightly spicy and has good commercial character．It can yield over 75 t·hm-2．Its resistances to virus
disease，Phytophthora blight，anthracnose and powdery mildew are stronger than that of the contrast‘ Longjiao
No.2’ ．It is suitable for cultivation in protected fields and open fields in Gansu Province．
‘Huanaitianyu 782’ is a super sweet corn F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line ‘HT-3’
as female parent and ‘XTF’ as male parent．Its plant height is 228 cm，and ear height is 85 cm．Its ear is of
tube type．The ear axis is white in color and ear length is 20.5 cm．There are 17 rows per ear，and 39 grains
per row．The fresh ear grain is yellow in color and contents of total soluble sugar and reducing sugar are 17.8%
and 7.0%，respectively．It is susceptible to smut and stem rot，moderately resistant to large spot，ear rot and
dwarf mosaic．Its fresh ear yield is about 15 t·hm-2．Its growth period is about 80 days．It is suitable to be
planted in the main producing areas of fresh corn in Shanxi Province．
‘Yujiucong No.1’ is a new variety bred by systematic selection from mutant population of
‘Changbaishanxidasuan’ through 4 generations of selfi ng．The variety has compact plant type and erect leaves
folded into “V” shape．It has 6-8 functional leaves during growing stage．This variety is 60-80 cm in plant
height，false stem segment is 20-30 cm in length，its stem thickness is 1.5-2.0 cm，and white stem length is
less than 5 cm．The single plant weight is 65-90 g．Its resistances to gray mould，loemia，rust and purple
blotch are stronger than that of the contrast ‘Lyucui’ and ‘Changbaishanxidasuan’．It can yield about 75 t ·
hm-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in central Yunnan Province and regions with similar climatic conditions all
year round in open fields．
