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01 July 2024, Volume 1 Issue 7
    

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  • ZOU Xuexiao,YANG Sha,DAI Xiongze,ZHU Fan,XU Hao,YUAN Fang
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.1025
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Zhangshugang Chili has a cultivation history of over 200 years,this paper introduces the origins of‘Zhangshugang Chili’tender fruits,discusses the mechanisms that contribute to its superior taste qualities,the current status of the industry,and the challenges it encountered.To address these challenges,efforts have been directed towards cultivating new varieties of tender fruit pepper that can meet diverse market demands,along with developing techniques for high-yield cultivation of tender fruit peppers.These new varieties have been widely promoted and adopted across various regions,realizing a year-round supply of tender fruit peppers.As a result,‘Zhangshugang Chili’ has been elevated from a local brand to be nationally renowned,marking a significanttransition from a regional variety of tender pepper to a high-end brand known for its exceptional quality.
  • LI Shutian
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 6-15. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.1024
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    This study analyzed the current fertilization status and fertilization effects on major leafy vegetables in China based on literature. The rates of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium recommendation and the fertilization effects including the relative yield,the yield increase,the yield increase rate,the yield response,and agronomic efficiency of nutrients were discussed. The limiting factors affecting leafy vegetable yield are mainly nitrogen,followed by potassium,and then phosphorus. Recommended fertilization in leafy vegetables reduced the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer,increased the amount of potassium fertilizer,while increased the yield compared to conventional fertilization used by farmers. Therefore,suitable fertilizer recommendation method for leafy vegetables is an effective way to save fertilizer and improve efficiency.
  • Song Xuanyu,WANG Jingjing
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 16-25. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.1022
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    There existed significant geospatial dislocation between production and consumption regions of tomato products. This condition enabled the tomato products adjusting supply and demand between different countries or regions through international trade.Thus,a network structure despending on and influencing each other was gradually formed. As one of the 3 major producing areas of tomato products,China is a big exporter of tomato products. Based on globle trade data of tomato products from 2000—2022,this paper studied the characteristics and evolution trend of global tomato products trade network using social network analysis method.In addition,the paper put forward the challenges faced by China’s tomato products trade at present,including price advantages weakening and increased uncertainty in export markets. The paper also put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for China to speed up the construction of tomato products strong trading power.
  • YANG Fan,WU Jian,CHANG Lichun,ZHANG Tao,ZHU Haifeng,LIANG Jianli,GAO Jie,WANG Xiaowu
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 26-32. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.5021
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    DNA was extracted from single seed as well as seedlings of seven vegetables,including of cabbage,Chinese cabbage,mustard,onion,cucumber,tomato and pepper using magnetic bead method.The seeds of these seven vegetables varied in size and shape.The DNA quality was evaluated by real-time fluorescent PCR reaction using reference gene Actin.In order to check whether the DNA quality was goodenough for KASP(kompetitive allele specific PCR)assay,we conducted KASP assay for each vegetable. The results showed that the average Ct value of DNA extracted from single vegetable seed by magnetic beads was in the range of 19-24.KASP assays further confirmed their quality was good enough for KASP markers assay.In conclusion,this study established a simple,economical and practical method for DNA extraction of single seeds,which has good stability for vegetable seeds of different sizes and greatly reduces the time for obtaining genotype data.
  • HONG Cheng,ZHAO Jianrong,CHENG Chunyuan,ZHENG Wanwan,GENG Sansheng,CHEN Bin,DU Heshan,ZHANG Xiaofen
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 33-41. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.2013
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    This study used 273 chilli pepper germplasm resources as materials and employed coefficient of variation,diversity index,correlation,principal component and cluster analyses to evaluate the main agronomic traits of peppers.The results showed that the average coefficient of variation for 17 important agronomic traits in 273 chili pepper germplasm resources was 19.99%-107.16%.The difference in single fruit weight between the materials is the largest,with a coefficient of variation of 107.16%.The diversity index for fruit number per plant was the highest,with a value of 1.97.There is a high correlation between the 13 main agronomic traits.The main factors affecting the variation of chili pepper traits are fruit transverse diameter,the shape of fruit top,placenta size,and green ripe fruit color.Principal component analysis of 13 major agronomic traits into 4 principal components,with a cumulative contribution rate of 59.92%,which respectively reflected fruit transverse diameter,the shape of fruit top,placenta size,and green ripe fruit color.This study obtained the top 10 chili pepper germplasm materials through comprehensive score.The top three chili pepper germplasm resources in the rankings are thin skinned peppers T302,T281,and T301 from Yunnan.Their fruit number per plant,single fruit weight,the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of fruits are all relatively high.Cluster analysis divided 273 chili pepper germplasm materials into 4 groups,effectively distinguishing different chili pepper materials.
  • ZHOU Yucai,XIAO Dong,LI Ying,HE Ying,HOU Xilin
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 42-49. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.0033
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    In order to create new germplasm and discover new genes,we explored the mutagenic effect of different concentrations of ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)on non-heading Chinese cabbage.Four varieties of non-heading Chinese cabbage(HTC,XQC,JP241 and XWZ)were subjected to seed mutation treatment with EMS at concentrations of 0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,and seed germination and the variation of agronomic traits in the field were investigated.The results showed that the seed germination potential,germination rate and relative seedling establishment rate of the four varieties of non-heading Chinese cabbage gradually decreased with the increase of EMS concentration,and the differences between treatments were significant.EMS mutagenesis cause variations in the traits of leaf color,leaf shape,plant type and flowering organs of non-heading Chinese cabbage.The EMS-induced LD50 of different varieties of non-heading Chinese cabbage were different,and the types and frequencies of variation were also different.The LD50 of HTC was 0.8%,and the relative frequency of variation was 23.83%;the LD50 of XQC was 0.8%,and the relative frequency of variation was 17.61%;the LD50 of JP241 was 0.6%,and the relative frequency of variation was 38.45%;the LD50 of XWZ was 0.6%,and the relative variation frequency of 16.69%.As the concentration of EMS increased,the later the flowering time of the first flower of mutant non-heading Chinese cabbage,the fewer the number of rosette leaves,and the higher the male sterility rate.
  • HU Jiangtao,SONG Qian,FU Jinglong,YANG Yong,XIONG Chunhui,HE Xiaolu,ZHOU Ying,WU Haibin,ZHANG Jingyan,ZHONG Qiuzan
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 50-55. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.5022
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    This study comprehensively evaluated the control effects of 4 fungicides including 43% pyrimethanil · fluxapyroxad SC,40% pyrimethanil SC,80% procymidone wettable powder WP,and 50% procymidone-thiram WP against bottle gourd gray mold by measuring their indoor toxicity to gray mold pathogen,field control efficacy,impact on soil microorganism(bacteria and fungi),and safety during gourd seedling growth stage.The results indicated that all 4 fungicides had certain inhibitory effects on gourd gray mold pathogen.Among them,43% pyrimethanil · fluxapyroxad SC had the best inhibitory effect.Seven days after first time spraying and 7 d after second time spraying the field control effects of spraying 5.78 μg ·mL-1 of EC50 were all the best,being 63.94% and 78.46%,respectively.This fungicide had no significant affect on soil bacterial quantity,but could significantly reduced soil fungal quantity,which was safe for the growth period of gourd seedlings.High concentration fungicides had some inhibitory effects on bottle gourd seedlings.Beside 43% pyrimethanil · fluxapyroxad SC,all the other fungicides could lead to different degrees abnormal states in gourd seedlings.In conclusion,43% pyrimethanil · fluxapyroxad SC was suitable for use in production for controlling bottle gourd gray mold.
  • ZHANG Chuankun,MA Yingchun,YANG Ning,WANG Xiao,LIU Bo,WEN Dan
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 56-62. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.5020
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    Abstract:This paper studied temperature change and heat-absorbing volume change of greenhouse soil in slope ground greenhouse during the day with flat ground greenhouse as a control to provide a reference for the renovation of the old solar greenhouse.The results showed that the slope ground greenhouse significantly improved the soil temperature environment of the solar greenhouse.Compared with the flat ground greenhouse,the soil temperature increased by 0.1-1.7 ℃,the highest soil temperature by 1.0-1.9 ℃,the air temperature above corp canopies was reduced by 1.9-4.0 ℃,and heat-absorbing volume of the soil increased by 8.44%-44.57%.The increase of soil temperature and heat-absorbing volume on sunny days was greater than on cloudy days.
  • TAN Shuting,SHENG Lu,SONG Shixia,YANG Lanting,LIU Dan,AI Xin
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 63-70. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.0028
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    Taking 31 late-bolting pakchoi inbred lines as material,this study conducted treatments on plumule-vernalization for 40 days and photoperiod for 16,20 h · d-1.On the basis of above results,take different responses to long sunlight were used to seeding-vernalization for 0,35,55,75 days and photoperiod treatments for 8,12,16,20 h · d-1 as a control to explore the effects of seeding-vernalization and photoperiodic treatments on bolting time and flowering time of late-bolting pakchoi.The results showed that 40 days of plumule-vernalization treatment was insufficient to meet the low temperature requirements of late-bolting pakchoi,and extending light duration could promote bolting time.But there existed genotype differences promoted by long sunlight for bolting time and flowering time of late-bolting pakchoi.Thirty-five days of seeding-vernalization treatment and under photoperiods of 8 h · d-1 and 12 h · d-1,were still unable to make the late-bolting pakchoi having their bolting time and flowering time.When the photoperiod ≥ 16h · d-1,it could promote bolting time and flowering time,indicating when the seeding-vernalization time was insufficient,extending light duration could partially replace vernalization time,so as to promote bolting time and flowering time and significantly shorten the time of bolting and flowering.The effects of seedingvernalization time interacted with photoperiod on rates of bolting and flowering had reached a very significant level.
  • CHEN Zhen1,GAO Junjie1*,LIU Zhongliang1,WANG Ting1,HAN Long1,GU Duanyin1,YAN Weiqiang1,CAO Jie2
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 71-78. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.2016
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    Using the Saint Laurent tomato as the experimental material and employing semi-open ditch cultivation,under equal phosphorus and potassium fertilizer treatments,13 nitrogen application treatments were set to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application levels on the photosynthesis of leaves,root characteristics,and soil enzyme activity during the flowering and fruiting period of greenhouse tomatoes in solar greenhouse.The results showed that an appropriate nitrogen application level could promote the growth and development of greenhouse tomatoes during the flowering and fruiting period,as well as increase soil enzyme activity.Among the treatments,treatment T11 exhibited the highest content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoids in plant leaves,the lowest chlorophyll a/b ratio,the highest net photosynthetic rate in leaves,15.83% higher compared to the no nitrogen application treatment,the highest nitrate reductase activity in leaves〔61.37 μg · g-1 · h-1(FW)〕,the highest root vitality,the longest root length,and the highest activities of soil sucrase and acid phosphatase enzymes.In conclusion,under the conditions of this study,treatment T11,with a nitrogen application level of 45.0 kg · hm-2,was determined to be the most appropriate nitrogen application level during the flowering and fruiting period of greenhouse tomatoes in a solar greenhouse.
  • ZHANG Ying,LIU Hang,YUAN Jiangjiang,ZHENG Xiaobin,WANG Jing,WU Qingjun
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 79-85. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.3038
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    The damage caused by thrips is progressively increasing year after year,thus it is imperative to screen insecticides for their efficacy in controlling thrips.In this study,the laboratory toxicity and field efficacy of cyproflanilide,a novel meta-diamide insecticide,were evaluated against various species of thrips.The results demonstrated that cyproflanilide exhibited high toxicity towards both adults and nymphs of Megalurothrips usitatus,Frankliniella occidentalis,F. intonsa,Thrips palmi,T. tabaci,Scirtothrips dorsalis with LC50 values below 5 mg · L-1.Furthermore,when applied at a dose of 9 g · hm-2 as a 10% cyproflanilide DC formulation in the field trials,it displayed excellent control efficacy against F. occidentalis,F. intonsa,T. palmi,and T. tabaci with control efficacy exceeding 85% after 7 days.Consequently,cyproflanilide will be an ideal insecticide for effectively managing thrips infestations on vegetables.
  • LIN Yongsheng,CHEN Yang
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 86-91. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.5023
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    In view of the serious harm of soil-transmission diseases of bitter gourd caused by years of continuous work,the effects of different loofah rootstock on the affinity,growth potential,disease resistance,yield and quality of spike balsam pear were studied through grafting cultivation experiments on 17 loofah rootstock varieties and bitter gourd spikes such as ‘Ruyu 178’.The results show that different loofah rootstock grafting can obviously reduce the incidence of bitter gourd wilt,and its yield is significantly better than that of self-rooted seedlings.The overall impact of different rootstock grafting on the water,protein,coarse fiber,VC,etc.,of the spike balsam pear fruit is have varying degrees.Through the analysis of the correlation between the agronomic traits of different grafted rootstock treatments and the yield of balsam pear,there is a very significant positive correlation between yield and stem coarse stem,main creep,melon length,melon transverse diameter and single melon quality.Based on the analysis results of various traits,the rootstock-17 and rootstock-15 perform well in affinity,yield,quality and disease resistance,which is suitable for demonstration and popularization as balsam pear grafting rootstock.
  • HUANG Xinfang,SUN Yalin,YANG Yingnan,KE Weidong,PENG Jing,DONG Hongxia,LIUYuping,LI Feng,LI Shuangmei,ZHU Honglian,LIU Yiman,HUANG Laichun,LI Minghua,ZHOU Kai,KUANG Jing,LIU Zhengwei,WANG Yun,ZHONG L
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 92-98. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.3039
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    62 representative taro germplasm resources of different types preserved in National Aquatic Vegetable Germplasm Repository(Wuhan)were selected to identify and evaluate its main agricultural and qualitative traits.It showed that plant height,growth period,single cormel weight,dry matter content and starch content of taro with numerous cormels(white bud)were lower than those of taro with numerous cormels(red bud).But leaf area,tiller number,corm weight,cormel weight,total corm and cormel weight,commodity cormel weight and cormel number of taro with numerous cormels(white bud)were higher than those of taro with numerous cormels(red bud).Growth period was significantly positively correlated with plant height,corm weight and single cormel weight,significantly negatively correlated with tiller number significantly positively correlated with leaf area,dry matter content,starch content,significantly negatively correlated with cormel number.The correlation between any two traits of plant height,leaf area,cormel weight,total corm and cormel weight and commodity cormel weight was significantly positive.Dry matter content and starch content were significantly negatively correlated with cormel weight,total corm and cormel weight,commodity cormel weight,negatively correlated with single cormel weight.Based on the analysis results,10 excellent germplasm resources were screened,including 3 specific germplasm resources.
  • ZHANG Cuiyue,ZHAO Ying,SUI Baosen,LI Yun,CHEN Yanling
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 99-105. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.4005
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    In order to identify the characteristics of superior-yield and high-quality carrot varieties, this paper took the main cultivar ‘Mendel No.3’(MDE)and main promotion variety ‘Tongdelizhenjiuhong’(TDL),‘Shengyahong’(SYH),‘Hongmengluo’(HML),‘Nielsen No.2’(NES2),and ‘Nielsen No.7’(NES7)were used as materials for field experiments,carried out analysis on the yield and quality of different carrot varieties in Laixi Regio,and studied the differences in yield,exterior quality,and nutritional quality of different carrot varieties.The results showed that compared with the main cultivar MDE,the yields of TDL cultivated in autumn and NES2 cultivated in spring had increased by 24.20% and 10.20%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the symmetry ratio,spinal cord rate of leaf area and flesh root.The nutritional quality of carotene and VC was similar to that of the major sowing varieties. TDL and NES2 had better promotion potential.
  • SUN Zhuoran,ZAHNG Haiyan,LIU Chunbo,BAO Yulan,ZHANG Limin,LI Min,LIU Zhili
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 106-112. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.5026
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    In order to master the basic situation of vegetable perchlorate contamination in Huhhot region,and analyze its health risk to human body,this study collected at random 92 vegetable samples in Hohhot City and measured perchlorate content using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS),then caculated the hazard quotient to evaluate the health risk of perchlorate in vegetables.Results indicated that perchlorate was detected in 53 vegetable samples out of 92 tested samples.The detection rate was 57.6%.The concentration ranged from ND-1.076 mg · kg-1.Chinese cbbage type vegetables belonged to the vegetable category with the highest perchlorate concentration. The detection rate of perchlorate was 72.7%.In planting stage,vegetable perchlorate detection rate was 81.0%,and at circulation stage it was 38.0%.According to the European limit value of perchlorate for vegetable,the exceeding standard rate was 27.2%.The hazard quotient to human body by perchlorate intake via vegetable route in Hohhot region was less than 1,suggesting that at present perchlorate contamination level was acceptable and relatively safe for human body.
  • ZHANG Congying,GU Xingfang,MIAO Han,DONG Shaoyun,LIU Xiaoping,GUAN Jiantao,ZHANG Shengping
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 113-115. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.0038
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    ‘Zhongnongcuilv No.1’is a new southern-China type cucumber F1 hybrid using gynoecious line‘171054’as maternal parent and inbred line‘17905’as paternal parent.It is gynoecious,has strong growth potential and branching ability,tolerant to low temperature and weak light.The fruit is of straight and cylindrical shape with fruit peel has white and green color,few white spines and middle-size tumors.Its fruit is 17.0 cm in length and 3.7 cm in diameter with short neck,small fruit cavity and light green flesh.It is highly resistant to cucumber mosaic virus,resistant to watermelon mosaic virus and target leaf spot,middle resistant to powdery mildew and Fusarium wilt.It is early-maturing and has yield 105-150 t · hm-2.It is suitable for solar greenhouse and tunnel cultivation.
  • LIU Ligong,LIU Shili,WANG Jing,MOU Hongying,ZHANG Feng
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 116-118. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.0039
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    ‘Lvjingling No.4’is a new early maturity fruit cucumber F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred lines‘09C45’as female parent and‘08C10’as male parent.It is gynoecious type with one female flower per node.The growth of the plant was moderate,has strong ability of continuous sitting melon and parthenocarpy.The fruit is of straight tube shape with up and down uniform.Its fruit is 16-18 cm in length,and about 2.7 cm diameter,with glossy green peel.The fruit has good quality and no papilloma on its skin.It shows good adaptability to low temperature and weak light.It is resistant to Fusarium wilt,tolerant to downy mildew and powdery mildew.Its yield can about 93 t · hm-2.It is suitable for protected field cultivation all over China,especially suitable for autumn and winter,winter and spring crop cultivation in northern areas.
  • XIE Denglei,YANG Zhe,LIU Yanmeng,ZHANG Jianheng,CHENG Huiyu,CUI Jianghui
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 119-121. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.0037
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    ‘Jinongshu 8862’is a new medium and early maturing potato variety,which was hybrid with‘V7-88’as female parent and‘Svante’as male parent through sexual hybridization,selection and identification.The plant is upright with about 70 cm in height.The growth period is about 80 days.The tubers are of round type with light yellow peel,light yellow flesh,smooth and shallow bud eyes.The content of dry matter,starch,and reducing sugar are 18.1%,13.4%,and 0.29%,respectively.The number of tubers per plant is from 6 to 8,and weight of single tuber is 195.3 g.The rate of commercial potatoes is more than 85%.The yield is about 42 t · hm-2.It is medium resistant to PVX and PVY.It is suitable for planting in Zhangjiakou and Chengde in Hebei Province.
  • LIU Zhihua,LI Jiansheng,LIAO Botong,JIANG Ke,YAN Jun
    China Vegetables. 2024, 1(7): 122-124. https://doi.org/10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2024.0030
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    ‘Youbei No.2’is a new pumpkin F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘N-20’as female parent and inbred line‘N-9’as male parent.It is of early maturity.The first female flower node is located in the 14-15th nodes,with a high female flower rate and high fruit-setting ratio.It has fruit-setting ability of 5-6 fruits per plant.The fruit is flat and round,with 6.6-7.3 cm in longitudinal diameter,and 11.2-11.6 cm in transverse diameter.The skin is dark green,and the flesh is orange yellow.The flesh is glutinous and sweet.The average single fruit weight is 513 g.Its resistance to powdery mildew,phytophthora rot,and epidemic disease is stronger than that of the contrast‘Beili No.4’.It can yield about 36 t · hm-2.It is suitable for planting in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Jiangxi Province.